# Tropical deforestation pressure

The continuing pressure to clear forests for agriculture, cattle, logging and mining, concentrated in tropical regions such as the Amazon. Deforestation both releases stored carbon (raising emissions) and removes carbon sinks; its intensity rises and falls with enforcement, commodity demand and political will.

## Dated facts

- 2025: Brazil hosts COP30 in Belém. https://factrail.ai/facts/br-cop30-2025. Sources: https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/cop30-belem-brazil-2025-11-22/, https://www.gov.br/planalto/en.
- 2025: Brazilian Amazon deforestation falls sharply after 2023. https://factrail.ai/facts/env-fact-amazon-deforestation-decline-2023-2025. Sources: https://www.gov.br/secom/en/latest-news/2025/10/in-2025-deforestation-fell-by-11-08-percent-in-the-amazon-and-by-11-49-percent-in-the-cerrado.
- 2025: Prabowo allocates Rp48.8 trillion to continue Jokowi’s Nusantara capital. https://factrail.ai/facts/id-prabowo-ikn-budget-2025. Sources: https://thejakartapost.com/business/2025/02/14/ikns-budget-bumped-to-rp-14t-despite-broader-cuts.html, https://en.antaranews.com/news/342254/prabowo-allocates-rp488-trillion-for-continuity-of-ikn-development.
- 2024: Amazon and Pantanal fire seasons remain severe despite 2023 deforestation drop. https://factrail.ai/facts/br-amazon-fires-2024. Sources: https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-amazon-pantanal-fires-2024-09-01/, https://www.gov.br/inpe/pt-br.
- Brazil reverses Amazon deforestation through renewed enforcement under Marina Silva (2023-2024). https://factrail.ai/facts/env-fact-brazil-amazon-enforcement-marina-silva-2023.
- 2024: Union adopts the Nature Restoration Law. https://factrail.ai/facts/eu-nature-restoration-law-2024. Sources: https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in-depth/nature-protection-and-restoration, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32024R1991.
- EU adopts the Nature Restoration Law (2024). https://factrail.ai/facts/env-fact-eu-nature-restoration-law-2024. Sources: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2024/06/17/nature-restoration-law-council-gives-final-green-light/.
- 2024: Council fails to reach a majority on nature restoration before a later compromise. https://factrail.ai/facts/eu-nature-restoration-council-fail-2024. Sources: https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-countries-fail-agree-nature-law-2024-03-25/, https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/meetings/env/2024/03/25/.
- 2023: INPE records a sharp drop in Amazon deforestation in Lula’s first year back. https://factrail.ai/facts/br-amazon-2023. Sources: https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/brazil-amazon-deforestation-falls-lula-2023-12-31/, https://www.gov.br/inpe/pt-br.
- 2023: Union adopts a batteries regulation with due-diligence and recycling duties. https://factrail.ai/facts/eu-batteries-regulation-2023. Sources: https://www.iea.org/policies/batteries-regulation-eu, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1542.
- EU adopts the Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) on deforestation-free products (2023). https://factrail.ai/facts/env-fact-eu-deforestation-regulation-2023.
- 2023: Union adopts the EU deforestation regulation. https://factrail.ai/facts/eu-deforestation-regulation-2023. Sources: https://www.fao.org/forests/en/, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1115, https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/forests/deforestation/regulation-deforestation-free-products_en.

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/drivers/env-deforestation-pressure