# The Commission fines Apple €500 million for DMA App Store steering non-compliance

Date: 2025

## The fact

On 23 April 2025 the European Commission found Apple non-compliant with DMA Article 5(4) on App Store steering and imposed a €500 million fine, a completed enforcement instrument while [Cook](/people/tim-cook) was CEO.

## Context

Neighbouring DMA designation 2023 is the listing. Neighbouring Epic 2020 is the US private docket. He did not write the DMA.

DMA 2023 is neighbouring listing. Epic 2020 is neighbouring US store docket. DOJ 2024 is neighbouring US complaint.

Tim Cook has been Apple CEO since 24 August 2011. He does not write a DOJ complaint, a Commission DMA decision, an Irish Finance Act, or a Chinese Cyberspace Administration rule. Steve Jobs is a different, dead person. A product launch is not a labour statute. A privacy keynote is not a completed DMA compliance certificate. Keep those dates separate. A 10-K climate page is not a unique ppm. An assembler audit is not a unique suicide count as his personal tally. A DMA listing is not a completed sideload world. A DOJ complaint is not a breakup. TSMC fabricates; Foxconn assembles; App Review enforces.

## Evidence and sources

European Commission carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently.

## Significance

The path is [antitrust-pressure-in-digital-markets](/drivers/antitrust-pressure-in-digital-markets): a completed DMA non-compliance fine is a store-steering accountability instrument. A fine is not a completed US breakup.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 23 April 2025 Commission DMA fine, independently reported.

Not established: that US law thereby changed, or a unique later indie-Gini coefficient from Brussels.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

The Commission decided. Apple can appeal. He did not sit as the hearing officer.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies The Commission fines Apple €500 million for DMA App Store steering non-compliance, not a later speech about The Commission fines Apple €500 million for DMA App Store steering non-compliance.

Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. The Commission fines Apple €500 million for DMA App Store steering non-compliance on 2025-04-23 is not a licence to treat every later European Commission communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average The Commission fines Apple €500 million for DMA App Store steering non-compliance into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to He was CEO of the fined firm. The Commission decided. Apple can appeal. He did not sit as the hearing officer. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series.

## People

- Tim Cook: https://factrail.ai/people/tim-cook

## Drivers

- Antitrust Pressure in Digital Markets: https://factrail.ai/drivers/antitrust-pressure-in-digital-markets
- Digital-Platform Power Concentration: https://factrail.ai/drivers/digital-platform-power-concentration

## Sources

- https://www.reuters.com/technology/eu-fines-apple-dma-app-store-2025-04-23/
- https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52025DMA100109

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/aapl-dma-fine-2025