# English and Latin public editions print the Summa contra Gentiles as argument toward non-Christians

Date: 1920

## The fact

Public English/Latin contra Gentiles, alongside the Summa, prints a project of arguing from premises a non-Christian interlocutor might grant. The dated carrier is the modern public edition cluster.

## Context

Averroes and Maimonides are interlocutors in this project, not props. Complex.

[Thomas Aquinas](/people/thomas-aquinas) is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

## Evidence and sources

Official edition, Holy See, or archive page and an independent publisher independently describe this instrument.

Official or archival record: New Advent — Summa Theologiae (English Dominican Fathers) (https://www.newadvent.org/summa/; New Advent / Kevin Knight).

## Significance

Printed argument-toward-gentiles is a speech-across-difference path, not a conversion statistic.

## What is established and what is not

Established as a dated public record of this instrument.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.
Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, and museums are not converted into extra lifetime acts. The attached driver is [social-cohesion](/drivers/social-cohesion). The welfare reading used in this dossier is improving. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself. Confidence is stated on the impact path. A later English edition is not a recovered autograph. If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

## People

- Thomas Aquinas: https://factrail.ai/people/thomas-aquinas

## Drivers

- Social Cohesion: https://factrail.ai/drivers/social-cohesion

## Sources

- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aquinas/
- https://www.newadvent.org/summa/

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/aq-contra-gentiles-print