# Azerbaijani forces attack remaining Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh Date: 2023 ## The fact On 19–20 September 2023 Azerbaijani forces conducted an operation against remaining Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh. Aliyev was commander-in-chief. ## Context The MoD and presidency issued statements. Neighbouring [HR issues a thin Union line as Nagorno-Karabakh empties](/facts/eu-borrell-karabakh-2023) is Borrell’s row. Do not duplicate it. Displacement is a neighbouring flight row. ICJ 22 February; operation 19–20 September; flight late September; ICJ 17 November 2023. The president of Azerbaijan is head of state and commander-in-chief. He can decree, appoint a vice-president, and order force. He does not sit as a Baku trial judge, does not write ICJ orders, and does not write European Commission memoranda. ## Evidence and sources president.az / Azerbaijani MoD carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently. ## Significance ## What is established and what is not Established: Azerbaijani forces attacked remaining Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh on 19–20 September 2023. What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions. The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit. The MoD executed. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Azerbaijani forces attack remaining Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh, not a later speech about Azerbaijani forces attack remaining Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh. Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Azerbaijani forces attack remaining Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh on 2023-09-19 is not a licence to treat every later president.az / Azerbaijani MoD communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Azerbaijani forces attack remaining Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to He commanded. The MoD executed. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series. [Azerbaijan launched a military offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh](/facts/azerbaijan-launches-nagorno-karabakh-offensive-2023-09-19) on 19 September 2023. The operation rapidly changed control of the territory and was followed within days by the flight of almost the entire ethnic Armenian population into Armenia. UNHCR reported that more than one hundred thousand refugees arrived in Armenia from Karabakh in roughly a week. The offensive also drove forced displacement and restricted [humanitarian access](/drivers/humanitarian-access), harms not captured by the armed-conflict record alone. As president and commander-in-chief, [Ilham Aliyev](/people/ilham-aliyev) publicly announced the operation and its objectives. ## People - Ilham Aliyev: https://factrail.ai/people/ilham-aliyev ## Drivers - Nagorno-Karabakh war (2020–2023+): https://factrail.ai/drivers/nagorno-karabakh-war - Forced-Displacement Scale: https://factrail.ai/drivers/forced-displacement-scale - Humanitarian Access: https://factrail.ai/drivers/humanitarian-access ## Sources - https://www.unhcr.org/am/en/refugee-response-and-coordination-0 - https://data.unhcr.org/ar/documents/download/104705 - https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/azerbaijan-says-karabakh-ceasefire-agreed-2023-09-20/ - https://president.az/en ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/az-karabakh-offensive-2023