# Lula is sworn in as president of Brazil for the first time

Date: 2003

## The fact

On 1 January 2003 [Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva](/people/env-person-lula) was sworn in as president after the 2002 election, the first Workers’ Party presidency.

## Context

José Alencar was vice president. Neighbouring Bolsa Família is a child statute. FHC had handed over.

Bolsa Família October 2003 is a child. 2006 reelection is later.

The President of Brazil heads the federal executive, sanctions statutes, and commands the armed forces as a political principal. He does not write STF judgments, INPE satellite pixels, a US tariff proclamation, or a Venezuelan CNE tally. Congress, governors, Petrobras, and coalition partners share specific files.

## Evidence and sources

Presidency of Brazil carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently.

## Significance

The path is [democratic resilience](/drivers/democratic-resilience): a completed rotation into the Planalto after three failed runs is a dated peaceful-transfer instrument.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 1 January 2003 oath after the 2002 election, independently reported.

Not established: a unique later Gini coefficient from the ceremony, or that every later PT statute was this afternoon.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

Congress invested. He took the oath. FHC transferred.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Lula is sworn in as president of Brazil for the first time, not a later speech about Lula is sworn in as president of Brazil for the first time.

Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Lula is sworn in as president of Brazil for the first time on 2003-01-01 is not a licence to treat every later Presidency of Brazil communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Lula is sworn in as president of Brazil for the first time into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to Voters elected. Congress invested. He took the oath. FHC transferred. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series.

## People

- Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva: https://factrail.ai/people/lula

## Drivers

- Democratic Resilience: https://factrail.ai/drivers/democratic-resilience
- Social Cohesion: https://factrail.ai/drivers/social-cohesion

## Sources

- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-lula-idUSN0130120320030101
- https://www.gov.br/planalto/pt-br

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/br-lula-2003