# Brazil enacts the Statute of Racial Equality

Date: 2010

## The fact

On 20 July 2010 Law 12.288, the Statute of Racial Equality, was sanctioned in Lula’s second term.

## Context

Congress passed after years of movement pressure. Neighbouring 2010 handover to Dilma is later. Universities and agencies implemented unevenly. He did not sit as every quota officer.

ProUni 2004 is neighbouring education access. 2006 reelection is earlier. Belo Monte licensing is a neighbouring 2010 industrial cost.

The President of Brazil heads the federal executive, sanctions statutes, and commands the armed forces as a political principal. He does not write STF judgments, INPE satellite pixels, a US tariff proclamation, or a Venezuelan CNE tally. Congress, governors, Petrobras, and coalition partners share specific files.

## Evidence and sources

Presidency of Brazil carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently.

## Significance

The path is [protection of minority rights](/drivers/protection-of-minority-rights): a completed racial-equality statute is a dated rights instrument, implementation lag named.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 20 July 2010 sanction of Law 12.288, independently reported.

Not established: that racial inequality ended, or a unique later wage-gap coefficient from that Tuesday.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

He sanctioned. Agencies and universities implemented unevenly.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Brazil enacts the Statute of Racial Equality, not a later speech about Brazil enacts the Statute of Racial Equality.

Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Brazil enacts the Statute of Racial Equality on 2010-07-20 is not a licence to treat every later Presidency of Brazil communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Brazil enacts the Statute of Racial Equality into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to Congress passed. He sanctioned. Agencies and universities implemented unevenly. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series.

## People

- Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva: https://factrail.ai/people/lula

## Drivers

- Protection of Minority Rights: https://factrail.ai/drivers/protection-of-minority-rights

## Sources

- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-race-idUSTRE66J4N120100720
- https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2007-2010/2010/lei/l12288.htm

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/br-racial-2010