# Loeb-era English Philo prints the order to set Gaius’s statue in the Jerusalem temple

Date: 1929

## The fact

English Philo, Embassy to Gaius, as served in public translations including the Yonge text, records the crisis in which Gaius ordered his image for the Jerusalem temple. The dated public English instrument is that translation tradition (Loeb Philo volumes from 1929). The order, as Philo tells it, is a minority-rights harm against Jewish cult law.

## Context

Petronius delayed. Gaius died. The statue did not stand. The attempt is still a dated persecution instrument in a surviving Jewish brief, stronger than Suetonius’s jokes because the victim community wrote it.

[Caligula](/people/caligula) is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

## Evidence and sources

Official edition, museum, or agency page and an independent publisher independently describe this instrument.

Official or archival record: Philo, Embassy to Gaius — Early Jewish Writings / Yonge (https://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/text/philo/book40.html; Early Jewish Writings).

## Significance

A printed order to desecrate a temple is a minority-rights harm even when delayed by a legate and cut short by murder.

A printed order to desecrate a temple is a minority-rights harm even when delayed by a legate and cut short by murder.

## What is established and what is not

Established as a dated public record of this instrument.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

## People

- Caligula: https://factrail.ai/people/caligula

## Drivers

- Protection of Minority Rights: https://factrail.ai/drivers/protection-of-minority-rights

## Sources

- https://www.earlyjewishwritings.com/text/philo/book40.html
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Caligula-Roman-emperor

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/cal-philo-embassy-statue