# Tshisekedi proclaims état de siège in Ituri and North Kivu, replacing civilian authority Date: 2021 ## The fact On 3 May 2021 President [Félix Tshisekedi](/people/felix-tshisekedi) proclaimed a 30-day état de siège covering Ituri and North Kivu, in force from 6 May. The ordinance replaced civilian provincial authorities with FARDC and national-police officers and substituted military courts for civilian courts. ## Context He signed and had the ordinance read. The army and police took provincial chairs. Successive 15-day prorogations followed. Human Rights Watch later recorded that military rulers used those powers against peaceful critics. This page does not invent a unique siege-death integer from that briefing. 30 April Council announcement; 3 May ordinance; 6 May entry into force. Stored as one 3 May 2021 Fact. Keep Tshisekedi proclaims état de siège in Ituri and North Kivu, replacing civilian authority on 2021-05-03 separate from neighbouring siege, CENI, Court, Goma, and 2773 instruments. The president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is head of state and commander-in-chief of the FARDC. He can proclaim a state of siege, run a CENI return, and command a defence of Goma. He does not write a Security Council resolution, a Carter Center tabulation finding, or a unique eastern-DRC civilian death total invented here. ## Evidence and sources Agence Congolaise de Presse carries the official instrument or communique. RFI records the same dated act independently. ## Significance The path is [civic space](/drivers/civic-space): a completed substitution of military authority for civilian provincial government. ## What is established and what is not Established: He proclaimed the état de siège on 3 May 2021 for Ituri and North Kivu, in force 6 May, replacing civilian authorities with military and police officers. What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions. The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit. The army and police executed. Sharing execution is not a reason to drop 3 May 2021.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Tshisekedi proclaims état de siège in Ituri and North Kivu, replacing civilian authority, not a later speech about Tshisekedi proclaims état de siège in Ituri and North Kivu, replacing civilian authority. Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Tshisekedi proclaims état de siège in Ituri and North Kivu, replacing civilian authority on 2021-05-03 is not a licence to treat every later Agence Congolaise de Presse communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Tshisekedi proclaims état de siège in Ituri and North Kivu, replacing civilian authority into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to He proclaimed the ordinance. The army and police executed. Sharing execution is not a reason to drop 3 May 2021. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series. ## People - Félix Tshisekedi: https://factrail.ai/people/felix-tshisekedi ## Drivers - Civic Space: https://factrail.ai/drivers/civic-space - Eastern DRC / M23–RDF (Great Lakes): https://factrail.ai/drivers/eastern-drc-m23-rdf ## Sources - https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20210506-rdc-l-%C3%A9tat-de-si%C3%A8ge-entre-en-vigueur-dans-les-provinces-du-nord-kivu-et-de-l-ituri - https://acp.cd/nation/le-chef-de-letat-felix-tshisekedi-proclame-letat-de-siege-de-30-jours-en-ituri-et-dans-le-nord-kivu/ ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/cd-tshisekedi-etat-de-siege-2021