# Modern Alexandria heritage interpretation treats the ancient city as a crowding-and-port disease landscape

Date: 2002

## The fact

UNESCO tentative listing material for Alexandria and later urban-history pages treat a dense port as a transmission landscape. She did not write a plague tract. Low confidence on unique 40s BCE epidemiology.

## Context

Do not invent a unique Alexandrian R0. Do write that a port city crowds.

[Cleopatra](/people/cleopatra) is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

## Evidence and sources

Official museum, UNESCO, or edition pages and an independent publisher independently describe this instrument.

Official or archival record: UNESCO tentative — Historic quarters and monuments of Alexandria (https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1827/; UNESCO World Heritage Centre).

## Significance

A 2002 tentative list is not a 40 BCE bill of mortality.

A 2002 tentative list is not a 40 BCE bill of mortality.

## What is established and what is not

Established as a dated public record of this instrument.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

## People

- Cleopatra: https://factrail.ai/people/cleopatra

## Drivers

- Infectious-Disease Transmission: https://factrail.ai/drivers/infectious-disease-transmission

## Sources

- https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1827/
- https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ptol/hd_ptol.htm

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/cl-infectious-city-crowd