# The chamberlain Cleander is killed in a 190 grain-riot crisis as received

Date: 190

## The fact

In 190 the freedman Cleander fell in a public crisis of grain and riot as Dio and Herodian print; he was killed after [Commodus](/people/commodus) withdrew protection. This Fact is that favourite-sacrifice instrument, not a unique price-index of wheat.

It is one event.

## Context

Office-selling plus a food riot is a corruption and cohesion-shock path. The emperor’s later survival by throwing a minister to the street is the mechanism.

Commodus’s documented role is bounded by other offices and collaborators named in the sources below. Sharing a field with them is not a reason to drop a documented act, and it is not a reason to assign later consequences done in the name after death.

Cleander, a freedman favourite, sold offices in the received account; a grain shortage and riot killed him. Commodus surrendered the favourite to the crowd as printed. Hostile sources love the scene. It is still a dated corruption-and-riot cluster.

Named person as heading of the dated public instrument. Later editors, museums, printers, or offices share publication. Complex where later carriers are the surviving public file.

## Evidence and sources

Loeb Dio and Herodian independently describe Cleander’s 190 end.

Official or archival record: Cassius Dio Book 73 (Loeb English) — Commodus (https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/73*.html; LacusCurtius / University of Chicago).

## Significance

A favourite killed in a grain riot is a corruption-crisis path. Confidence high on the event heading, medium on office-sale magnitudes.

## What is established and what is not

Established: Cleander dead in the 190 crisis as received. Not established: a complete tariff of sold offices.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

Established here: a sourced, dated public instrument with a named contribution by Commodus.

They are not a public rating.

The driver `institutional-corruption` is attached because the mechanism named in Significance follows from this instrument, not because a standing list of welfare headings needed another tick. Commodus did not file a later UNESCO form, a later Loeb colophon, or a later museum label as a personal act. A portrait or conventional bust is not this mechanism. Allegation, reconstruction, and established occurrence stay distinct. Cleander is not Perennis. Two prefect-falls are two rows. Keep the carrier date of later English distinct from the received historical year stored in the date field. Do not read a later English edition as a recovered autograph of Commodus.

## People

- Commodus: https://factrail.ai/people/commodus

## Drivers

- Institutional Corruption: https://factrail.ai/drivers/institutional-corruption

## Sources

- https://www.livius.org/sources/content/herodian-s-roman-history/
- https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/73*.html

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/com-cleander-190