# Commodus renames Rome Colonia Commodiana and recasts institutions and months under his name as received

Date: 192

## The fact

In 192 [Commodus](/people/commodus) renamed Rome Colonia Commodiana and applied his names to months and institutions as Dio prints. This Fact is that renaming programme. It was reversed after his death; reversal is a neighbouring aftermath row.

It is one event.

## Context

Renaming the city for a living man is a polarising identity policy. Senatorial sources treat it as tyranny; they are the surviving file.

Commodus’s documented role is bounded by other offices and collaborators named in the sources below. Sharing a field with them is not a reason to drop a documented act, and it is not a reason to assign later consequences done in the name after death.

Dio lists renamings of Rome, the legions, the months, and other headings to Commodus/Hercules types in 192. Coins and the hostile narrative meet. This is sacral-personalisation of the city, not a recovered bronze statute complete in this catalog.

Named person as heading of the dated public instrument. Later editors, museums, printers, or offices share publication. Complex where later carriers are the surviving public file.

## Evidence and sources

Loeb Dio and Britannica independently record the 192 renaming cluster.

Official or archival record: Cassius Dio Book 73 (Loeb English) — Commodus (https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/73*.html; LacusCurtius / University of Chicago).

## Significance

Civic renaming to a living emperor is a polarisation path. Confidence high on the heading in Dio, medium on the full list.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 192 Colonia Commodiana programme as received. Not established: that every street sign changed.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

Established here: a sourced, dated public instrument with a named contribution by Commodus.

They are not a public rating.

The driver `political-polarization` is attached because the mechanism named in Significance follows from this instrument, not because a standing list of welfare headings needed another tick. Commodus did not file a later UNESCO form, a later Loeb colophon, or a later museum label as a personal act. A portrait or conventional bust is not this mechanism. Allegation, reconstruction, and established occurrence stay distinct. A new city-name is not damnatio. Split his act from the senate’s later erasure. Keep the carrier date of later English distinct from the received historical year stored in the date field. Do not read a later English edition as a recovered autograph of Commodus.

## People

- Commodus: https://factrail.ai/people/commodus

## Drivers

- Political Polarization: https://factrail.ai/drivers/political-polarization

## Sources

- https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/73*.html
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Commodus

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/com-colonia-commodiana-192