# Roman forces record success against rebellious Germans in 188 under Commodus’s reign as received

Date: 188

## The fact

Livius places a 188 German success in the reign chronology. Dio independently narrates frontier and domestic disorder under [Commodus](/people/commodus) as a hostile literary file.

It is one event.

## Context

Suppressing a rebellion can be a humanitarian-offset for provinces under raid and a cost to the rebels. Shared legates remain. Do not invent casualty tables.

Commodus’s documented role is bounded by other offices and collaborators named in the sources below. Sharing a field with them is not a reason to drop a documented act, and it is not a reason to assign later consequences done in the name after death.

Livius lists 188 Roman victory over rebellious Germans. As with Britain, the emperor’s reign-year is not a diary of his presence in every camp. Dio’s epitome is a later senatorial carrier.

Named person as heading of the dated public instrument. Later editors, museums, printers, or offices share publication. Complex where later carriers are the surviving public file.

## Evidence and sources

Livius — Commodus and Cassius Dio Book 73 (Loeb English) — Commodus independently describe this instrument.

Official or archival record: Livius — Commodus (https://www.livius.org/articles/person/commodus/; Livius.org).

## Significance

The 188 success is a frontier path of medium confidence on operational detail, high that the year is listed in Livius.

## What is established and what is not

Established as a sourced public record of this instrument at the date assigned here.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

Established here: a sourced, dated public instrument with a named contribution by Commodus.

They are not a public rating.

The driver `humanitarian-access` is attached because the mechanism named in Significance follows from this instrument, not because a standing list of welfare headings needed another tick. Commodus did not file a later UNESCO form, a later Loeb colophon, or a later museum label as a personal act. A portrait or conventional bust is not this mechanism. Allegation, reconstruction, and established occurrence stay distinct. Do not merge with Marcomannic settlement 180. Keep the carrier date of later English distinct from the received historical year stored in the date field. Do not read a later English edition as a recovered autograph of Commodus.

## People

- Commodus: https://factrail.ai/people/commodus

## Drivers

- Humanitarian Access: https://factrail.ai/drivers/humanitarian-access

## Sources

- https://www.livius.org/articles/person/commodus/
- https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/73*.html

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/com-german-success-188