# Heberdey and Kalinka publish large stretches of Diogenes of Oenoanda’s wall

Date: 1895

## The fact

In the 1890s Austrian surveyors published blocks of the huge second-century inscription at Oenoanda that teaches Garden doctrine in public stone. [Epicurus](/people/epicurus) did not commission the wall.

## Context

A stoa of philosophy in a Lycian city is a rare attempt to make school teaching outdoor and civic, against lathe biosas. Later Smith editions refine the text.

Epicurus is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

## Evidence and sources

Official edition, museum, archive, or agency page and an independent publisher independently describe this instrument.

Official or archival record: Cambridge Companion to Epicureanism (Warren ed., 2009) (https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-epicureanism/B8F667743847BCF44E146EBEC60202E7; Cambridge University Press).

## Significance

A published civic inscription is an access path. It is not the founder’s own masonry.

A published civic inscription is an access path. It is not the founder’s own masonry.

## What is established and what is not

Established as a dated public record of this instrument.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

## People

- Epicurus: https://factrail.ai/people/epicurus

## Drivers

- Digital Learning Access: https://factrail.ai/drivers/edu-digital-learning-access

## Sources

- https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-epicureanism/B8F667743847BCF44E146EBEC60202E7
- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epicurus/

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/ep-oenoanda-inscription