# The Index decree of 5 March 1616 suspends Copernicus and warns Galileo as a dated speech constraint

Date: 1616

## The fact

On 5 March 1616 an Index decree suspended [Copernicus](/people/nicolaus-copernicus) and Galileo was warned. He did not write the decree. Bellarmine delivered the warning in the received file. Galileo Galilei's documented role is: The Congregation suspended De revolutionibus. Bellarmine warned Galileo; Galileo did not write the decree.

## Context

The Congregation of the Index is the office. Sharing the constraint with that body is required. The setting of The Index decree of 5 March 1616 suspends Copernicus and warns Galileo as a dated speech constraint is the public file around 1616-03-05. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver [democratic-resilience](/drivers/democratic-resilience) is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. 1633 is a different trial. Do not merge. Do not treat Vatican later rehabilitation as 1616. Mixed effects of The Index decree of 5 March 1616 suspends Copernicus and warns Galileo as a dated speech constraint are separate paths.

## Evidence and sources

Official locator: Britannica — Galileo, 1616 decree at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Galileo-Galilei (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent locator: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Galileo, 1616 at https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/galileo/ (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Official carrier: Britannica — Galileo, 1616 decree (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Galileo-Galilei; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Galileo, 1616 (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/galileo/; Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy).

Official or archival record: Britannica — Galileo, 1616 decree (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Galileo-Galilei; Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Significance

Worsening path from The Index decree of 5 March 1616 suspends Copernicus and warns Galileo as a dated speech constraint on 1616-03-05. An Index suspension plus a personal warning is a democratic-speech path stored as cost. Contribution is complex. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

The attached driver is democratic-resilience. The welfare reading used in this dossier is worsening. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## What is established and what is not

Established: a sourced public record of The Index decree of 5 March 1616 suspends Copernicus and warns Galileo as a dated speech constraint under 1616-03-05 for Galileo Galilei. Established: a sourced public record of The Index decree of 5 March 1616 suspends Copernicus and warns Galileo as a dated speech constraint under 1616-03-05.

Shared responsibility is part of The Index decree of 5 March 1616 suspends Copernicus and warns Galileo as a dated speech constraint. Naming Galileo Galilei does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1616-03-05 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

## People

- Galileo Galilei: https://factrail.ai/people/galileo-galilei

## Drivers

- Democratic Resilience: https://factrail.ai/drivers/democratic-resilience

## Sources

- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/galileo/
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Galileo-Galilei

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/gal-index-1616