# Hungary creates the National Office for the Judiciary under Act CLXI of 2011

Date: 2011

On 28 November 2011 the [National Assembly](/organizations/national-assembly) adopted Act CLXI of 2011 on the organisation and administration of courts, which created the [National Office for the Judiciary](/organizations/national-judicial-office-hungary) and concentrated appointment and administration powers in its president from 1 January 2012. The Venice Commission criticised that concentration. This Fact is that dated cardinal statute. It is not the 2023 funds-linked judicial reform, not a later Kúria appointment, and not a personality. Official text sits in the National Legal Database; the Venice Commission 2012 opinion is the independent file.

## People

- Viktor Orbán: https://factrail.ai/people/viktor-orban

## Drivers

- Judicial independence erosion (court capture): https://factrail.ai/drivers/justice-judicial-independence-erosion
- Illiberal state capture in Hungary: https://factrail.ai/drivers/orban-illiberal-state-capture

## Sources

- https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/524bd8d4-33ba-4802-891f-d8959831ed5a_en?filename=2025+Rule+of+Law+Report+-+Country+Chapter+Hungary.pdf

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/hu-national-judicial-office-2011