# Iran and the E3 agree a Joint Plan of Action in Geneva

Date: 2013

## The fact

On 24 November 2013 Iran and the E3 agreed a Joint Plan of Action in Geneva, an interim nuclear freeze-for-relief deal. Khamenei had allowed [Rouhani](/people/hassan-rouhani) to talk.

## Context

Rouhani had just been elected. Neighbouring JCPOA 2015 is the child. He did not sit in the Geneva hotel as a unique later centrifuge coefficient.

Rouhani 2013 election is neighbouring. JCPOA 2015 is the child.

The Supreme Leader of Iran is commander-in-chief and the highest constitutional authority. He does not write a US presidential strike order, an IAEA Board resolution, or a Hamas military plan. Presidents, the IRGC, and the Guardian Council implement and share specific files.

## Evidence and sources

International Atomic Energy Agency carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently.

## Significance

## What is established and what is not

Established: 24 November 2013 JPOA, independently reported.

Not established: that JCPOA was thereby guaranteed, or a unique later enrichment coefficient of zero forever.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

Rouhani and Zarif negotiated. The E3 signed.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Iran and the E3 agree a Joint Plan of Action in Geneva, not a later speech about Iran and the E3 agree a Joint Plan of Action in Geneva.

Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Iran and the E3 agree a Joint Plan of Action in Geneva on 2013-11-24 is not a licence to treat every later International Atomic Energy Agency communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Iran and the E3 agree a Joint Plan of Action in Geneva into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to He allowed the talks. Rouhani and Zarif negotiated. The E3 signed. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series.

## People

- Ali Khamenei: https://factrail.ai/people/ali-khamenei

## Drivers

- Sanctions Pressure: https://factrail.ai/drivers/sanctions-pressure
- Energy Security: https://factrail.ai/drivers/energy-security

## Sources

- https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-idUSBRE9AN0F120131124
- https://www.iaea.org/

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/ir-jpoa-2013