# Consistory jurisdiction over morals creates a parallel discipline track beside civic courts Date: 1542 ## The fact From 1542 the Consistory’s morals jurisdiction operated as a parallel discipline track beside Geneva’s civic courts under [Calvin](/people/john-calvin)’s Ordinances system. It is one event. ## Context Two forums can erode clear [judicial independence](/drivers/justice-judicial-independence-erosion) even when blood penalties stay civic. Archives heritage and Cambridge Companion independently describe Consistory–council jurisdiction splits. John Calvin’s documented role is bounded by other offices and collaborators named in the sources below. Sharing a field with them is not a reason to drop a documented act, and it is not a reason to assign later consequences done in the name after death. Conventional years are 1509–1564. Surviving public files are later museum pages, consistory editions, Meeter Center collections, and encyclopedias. Calvin did not typeset those later pages. Named person as heading of the dated public instrument. Later editors, museums, printers, or offices share publication. Complex where later carriers are the surviving public file. ## Evidence and sources Geneva archives heritage and the Cambridge Companion independently describe Consistory morals jurisdiction beside civic courts. Official or archival record: Archives d’État de Genève (https://www.ge.ch/organisation/archives-etat-geneve; République et Canton de Genève). ## Significance High confidence on the structure. ## What is established and what is not Established: Consistory morals cases ran beside civic courts. Not established: that civic judges were abolished. What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions. The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit. Established here: a sourced, dated public instrument with a named contribution by John Calvin. They are not a public rating. John Calvin did not file a later UNESCO form, a later Loeb colophon, or a later museum label as a personal act. A portrait or conventional bust is not this mechanism. Allegation, reconstruction, and established occurrence stay distinct. Keep the carrier date of later English distinct from the received historical year stored in the date field. Do not read a later English edition as a recovered autograph of John Calvin. ## People - John Calvin: https://factrail.ai/people/john-calvin ## Drivers - Judicial independence erosion (court capture): https://factrail.ai/drivers/justice-judicial-independence-erosion ## Sources - https://doi.org/10.1017/ccol0521816475 - https://www.ge.ch/organisation/archives-etat-geneve ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/jc-justice-ecclesiastical-courts