# Pius X beatifies Joan of Arc

Date: 1909

## The fact

On 18 April 1909 Pius X beatified [Joan of Arc](/people/joan-of-arc).

## Context

Third Republic church-state conflict made a national saint politically useful. Use as a party brand is a later polarisation Fact.

Joan of Arc is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

## Evidence and sources

The Holy See portal and Britannica independently date the 1909 beatification.

Official or archival record: Holy See portal (https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en.html; Holy See).

## Significance

Cult-memory path. High confidence on the decree.

A blessed is not yet a saint in this catalog’s 1920 row. Keep the two Vatican dates.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 1909 beatification. Not established: that beatification measured Orléans’s 1429 welfare, or that it cancelled colonial uses of her name.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

## People

- Joan of Arc: https://factrail.ai/people/joan-of-arc

## Drivers

- Social Cohesion: https://factrail.ai/drivers/social-cohesion

## Sources

- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Joan-of-Arc
- https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en.html

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/joa-beatification-1909