# Munda in 45 BCE is the last major civil-war field in Spain as later dated

Date: 45 BC

## The fact

In 45 BCE Munda was the last major civil-war field in Spain. It is a killing, not a triumph-only heading. Julius Caesar's documented role is: He fought Gnaeus Pompey's remaining force. It was a killing; Spain was not quiet forever.

## Context

Pompey's sons are the counterparts. Sharing the field with the legions is required. The setting of Munda in 45 BCE is the last major civil-war field in Spain as later dated is the public file around -0045-01-01. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver [humanitarian-access](/drivers/humanitarian-access) is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Do not merge with Thapsus. Mixed effects of Munda in 45 BCE is the last major civil-war field in Spain as later dated are separate paths.

## Evidence and sources

Official locator: Britannica — Caesar, Munda at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-ruler (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent locator: Livius — Munda at https://www.livius.org/articles/person/caesar/ (Livius.org). Official carrier: Britannica — Caesar, Munda (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-ruler; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Livius — Munda (https://www.livius.org/articles/person/caesar/; Livius.org).

Official or archival record: Britannica — Caesar, Munda (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-ruler; Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Significance

Worsening path from Munda in 45 BCE is the last major civil-war field in Spain as later dated on -0045-01-01. A last civil-war pitched battle is a humanitarian-harm path. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

The attached driver is humanitarian-access. The welfare reading used in this dossier is worsening. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## What is established and what is not

Established: a sourced public record of Munda in 45 BCE is the last major civil-war field in Spain as later dated under -0045-01-01 for Julius Caesar. Established: a sourced public record of Munda in 45 BCE is the last major civil-war field in Spain as later dated under -0045-01-01.

Shared responsibility is part of Munda in 45 BCE is the last major civil-war field in Spain as later dated. Naming Julius Caesar does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from -0045-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

## People

- Julius Caesar: https://factrail.ai/people/julius-caesar

## Drivers

- Humanitarian Access: https://factrail.ai/drivers/humanitarian-access

## Sources

- https://www.livius.org/articles/person/caesar/
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-ruler

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/juc-munda-45