# Pharsalus in 48 BCE is the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army as later dated

Date: 48 BC

## The fact

In 48 BCE Pharsalus was the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army. Pompey died in Egypt by other hands. The field is this Fact. Julius Caesar's documented role is: He won Pharsalus. Pompey fled to Egypt and was killed by others; the field is Caesar's.

## Context

Clemency stories follow. Sharing the battle with the veterans is required. The setting of Pharsalus in 48 BCE is the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army as later dated is the public file around -0048-01-01. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver [humanitarian-access](/drivers/humanitarian-access) is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

## Evidence and sources

Official locator: Britannica — Battle of Pharsalus at https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Pharsalus (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent locator: Perseus — Civil War later English at https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Caes.+Civ. (Perseus Digital Library / Tufts). Official carrier: Britannica — Battle of Pharsalus (https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Pharsalus; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Perseus — Civil War later English (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Caes.+Civ.; Perseus Digital Library / Tufts).

Official or archival record: Britannica — Battle of Pharsalus (https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Pharsalus; Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Significance

Worsening path from Pharsalus in 48 BCE is the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army as later dated on -0048-01-01. A civil-war pitched battle is a humanitarian-harm path. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

## What is established and what is not

Established: a sourced public record of Pharsalus in 48 BCE is the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army as later dated under -0048-01-01 for Julius Caesar. Established: a sourced public record of Pharsalus in 48 BCE is the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army as later dated under -0048-01-01.

The attached driver is humanitarian-access. The welfare reading used in this dossier is worsening. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Do not say Caesar stabbed Pompey in Egypt. The field is 48 Thessaly. Mixed effects of Pharsalus in 48 BCE is the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army as later dated are separate paths.

Shared responsibility is part of Pharsalus in 48 BCE is the decisive civil-war killing of Pompey's army as later dated. Naming Julius Caesar does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from -0048-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## People

- Julius Caesar: https://factrail.ai/people/julius-caesar

## Drivers

- Humanitarian Access: https://factrail.ai/drivers/humanitarian-access

## Sources

- https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Caes.+Civ.
- https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Pharsalus

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/juc-pharsalus-48