# kan-justice-punishment

Date: 1797

## The fact

In 1797 Kant's Metaphysics of Morals defends retributive punishment including capital punishment as public doctrine. The instrument is that heading, not a scaffold he operated. Immanuel Kant's documented role is: He published a doctrine of right that includes lex talionis and capital punishment. Printers share 1797. It is not a later code he signed as hangman.

## Context

The doctrine of right also contains republican and property headings stored as improving neighbours. Sharing that mixed book without washing punishment is required. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver justice-[judicial-independence](/drivers/justice-judicial-independence-erosion)-erosion is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

The welfare reading used in this dossier is worsening. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## Evidence and sources

Official locator: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Kant's moral philosophy, right and punishment neighbourhood at https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-moral/ (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Independent locator: Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Kant, moral philosophy neighbourhood at https://iep.utm.edu/kant-mor/ (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Official carrier: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Kant's moral philosophy, right and punishment neighbourhood (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-moral/; Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Independent carrier: Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Kant, moral philosophy neighbourhood (https://iep.utm.edu/kant-mor/; Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy).

Official or archival record: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Kant's moral philosophy, right and punishment neighbourhood (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-moral/; Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy).

## Significance

A public retributive-capital doctrine is a justice path of high confidence on the text. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

Naming Immanuel Kant does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1797-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## What is established and what is not

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Split any improving doctrine-of-right row. This stores the punishment heading.

## People

- Immanuel Kant: https://factrail.ai/people/immanuel-kant

## Drivers

- Judicial independence erosion (court capture): https://factrail.ai/drivers/justice-judicial-independence-erosion

## Sources

- https://iep.utm.edu/kant-mor/
- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-moral/

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/kan-justice-punishment