# Le Corbusier states the Five Points of a new architecture: pilots, roof garden, free plan, free façade, ribbon window

Date: 1927

## The fact

By 1926–27 [Le Corbusier](/people/le-corbusier) numbered five points: house on pilots, roof garden, free plan, free façade, horizontal window. He did not pour every later copy. Industrial path: a repeatable concrete kit, distinct from the 1923 book’s rhetoric. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Context

Weissenhof houses are a neighbouring built row. Savoye is the canonical villa. Urban Radiant City is not the Five Points. Perriand’s interiors share the 1920s atelier. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

## Evidence and sources

Fondation Le Corbusier independently presents the Five Points in the villa oeuvre. Britannica independently treats them as his architectural rules. MoMA independently exhibits the villas as demonstrations. No unique 1927 patent is required. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Official or archival record: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal (https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/; Fondation Le Corbusier).

## Significance

A numbered building kit is an industrial path. High confidence on the doctrine. Later international-style copies are mixed authorship. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

## What is established and what is not

Established: Five Points as his 1920s numbered doctrine, public by 1927 Weissenhof. Not established: a unique copy-count. Conventional 1927. Not 1931 Savoye completion as this title. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

The contribution type is direct. The attached driver is [industrial-policy-activism](/drivers/industrial-policy-activism). The welfare reading used in this dossier is improving. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Villa Savoye as a built demonstration is a separate Fact. Mixed effects of Le Corbusier states the Five Points of a new architecture: pilots, roof garden, free plan, free façade, ribbon window are separate paths.

Shared responsibility is part of Le Corbusier states the Five Points of a new architecture: pilots, roof garden, free plan, free façade, ribbon window. Naming Le Corbusier does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1927-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## People

- Le Corbusier: https://factrail.ai/people/le-corbusier

## Drivers

- Industrial-Policy Activism: https://factrail.ai/drivers/industrial-policy-activism

## Sources

- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier
- https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/lc-five-points