# Unité d’Habitation, Marseille, opens as a concrete slab of stacked villas whose type later ministries copied as isolating high-rise housing

Date: 1952

## The fact

On 14 October 1952 the Marseille Unité was inaugurated, a 337-unit béton brute slab with an interior street. He did not design every later HLMs. Split from the improving row on housing access and services in the same building. Archival locator: Ville de Marseille — official portal at https://www.marseille.fr/ (Ville de Marseille). Independent locator: Britannica — [Le Corbusier](/people/le-corbusier) at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Context

Pessac was the earlier inhabited revolt. Chandigarh’s housing was Fry/Drew/Jeanneret more than this slab. Energy of béton and isolation is mixed neighbourhood. Archival locator: Ville de Marseille — official portal at https://www.marseille.fr/ (Ville de Marseille). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

The attached driver is [income-inequality](/drivers/income-inequality). The welfare reading used in this dossier is worsening. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## Evidence and sources

Marseille’s official city portal independently locates the Unité as a city object. Britannica independently treats Unité as a housing prototype. Fondation lists the building. Later banlieue sociology is reception, not 1952 as those authors’ books. Archival locator: Ville de Marseille — official portal at https://www.marseille.fr/ (Ville de Marseille). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Official or archival record: Ville de Marseille — official portal (https://www.marseille.fr/; Ville de Marseille).

## Significance

A prototype that licensed cheap towers is an inequality path. Medium confidence on causal share of later copies; high on 1952 as the type-building. Jacobs-class critiques are reception. Archival locator: Ville de Marseille — official portal at https://www.marseille.fr/ (Ville de Marseille). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Shared responsibility is part of Unité d’Habitation, Marseille, opens as a concrete slab of stacked villas whose type later ministries copied as isolating high-rise housing. Naming Le Corbusier does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1952-10-14 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 14 October 1952 inauguration as received. Not established: a unique later-copy casualty table. Split from the access row of the same address. Not UNESCO 2016. Archival locator: Ville de Marseille — official portal at https://www.marseille.fr/ (Ville de Marseille). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. The improving housing-access path of the same Unité is a separate Fact. Mixed effects of Unité d’Habitation, Marseille, opens as a concrete slab of stacked villas whose type later ministries copied as isolating high-rise housing are separate paths.

## People

- Le Corbusier: https://factrail.ai/people/le-corbusier

## Drivers

- Income Inequality: https://factrail.ai/drivers/income-inequality

## Sources

- https://www.marseille.fr/
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/lc-high-rise-housing-split-harm