# Le Corbusier publishes Vers une architecture, arguing houses as machines to live in and lining up grain elevators with the Parthenon

Date: 1923

## The fact

In 1923 Vers une architecture collected [Le Corbusier](/people/le-corbusier)’s Esprit Nouveau essays: engineers, ocean liners, grain elevators, the Parthenon, and the house as a machine to live in. He did not invent reinforced concrete. Education here is a public visual method for modern building, distinct from later urban clearance doctrines. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Context

L’Esprit Nouveau journal with Ozenfant is a neighbouring 1920 row. Plan Voisin is 1925 harm. English translation Towards a New Architecture is a later carrier, not the 1923 act date. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Five Points as a later numbered doctrine is a separate Fact. Mixed effects of Le Corbusier publishes Vers une architecture, arguing houses as machines to live in and lining up grain elevators with the Parthenon are separate paths.

## Evidence and sources

Fondation Le Corbusier independently treats the writings as core oeuvre. Britannica independently places Vers une architecture at the centre of his fame. MoMA independently historicises the book in modernism. No unique 1923 print-run census is invented. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Official or archival record: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal (https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/; Fondation Le Corbusier).

## Significance

A portable manifesto is an education path of real size. High confidence on 1923. Later misuse as a demolition licence is the urban rows, not this title’s only meaning. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

The contribution type is direct. The attached driver is edu-[digital-learning-access](/drivers/edu-digital-learning-access). The welfare reading used in this dossier is improving. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 1923 book as his. Not established: a unique student-count series. Conventional 1923. Not 1927 Five Points as this title. Archival locator: Fondation Le Corbusier — English portal at https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/ (Fondation Le Corbusier). Independent locator: Britannica — Le Corbusier at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier (Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Shared responsibility is part of Le Corbusier publishes Vers une architecture, arguing houses as machines to live in and lining up grain elevators with the Parthenon. Naming Le Corbusier does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1923-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

## People

- Le Corbusier: https://factrail.ai/people/le-corbusier

## Drivers

- Digital Learning Access: https://factrail.ai/drivers/edu-digital-learning-access

## Sources

- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Le-Corbusier
- https://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr/en/

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/lc-vers-une-architecture