# Goïta signs the Liptako-Gourma Charter establishing the Alliance of Sahel States Date: 2023 ## The fact On 16 September 2023 [Assimi Goïta](/people/assimi-goita) signed the Liptako-Gourma Charter in Bamako with [Ibrahim Traoré](/people/ibrahim-traore) and [Abdourahamane Tiani](/people/abdourahamane-tiani), establishing the Alliance of Sahel States as a collective-defence and mutual-assistance pact. Mali circulated a certified copy to the Security Council as S/2023/695. ## Context He signed as transitional president. Traoré and Tiani signed as counterparts. They are unresolved. Article 6 treats an attack on one as aggression against all, including use of armed force. 16 September signing; 22 September UN circulation. Stored as one 16 September 2023 Fact. Keep Goïta signs the Liptako-Gourma Charter establishing the Alliance of Sahel States on 2023-09-16 separate from neighbouring coup, AES, and ECOWAS instruments. The transitional president of Mali is head of state and commander of the armed forces. He can be named by the Constitutional Court, sign a charter, and join a communiqué. He does not write a UN document as if he were the Secretariat, and he does not invent a unique jihadist death integer here. ## Evidence and sources United Nations Security Council (Mali depositary) carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently. ## Significance The path is the owned AES-break driver: a completed junta mutual-defence charter. ## What is established and what is not Established: He signed the Liptako-Gourma Charter on 16 September 2023. S/2023/695 circulates the certified text. Not established: A unique later combat integer, or that Traoré and Tiani are minted Person rows. What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions. The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit. Traoré and Tiani signed. Sharing signatures is not a reason to drop 16 September 2023 from his file.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Goïta signs the Liptako-Gourma Charter establishing the Alliance of Sahel States, not a later speech about Goïta signs the Liptako-Gourma Charter establishing the Alliance of Sahel States. Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Goïta signs the Liptako-Gourma Charter establishing the Alliance of Sahel States on 2023-09-16 is not a licence to treat every later United Nations Security Council (Mali depositary) communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Goïta signs the Liptako-Gourma Charter establishing the Alliance of Sahel States into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to He signed. Traoré and Tiani signed. Sharing signatures is not a reason to drop 16 September 2023 from his file. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series. ## People - Assimi Goïta: https://factrail.ai/people/assimi-goita ## Drivers - Goïta junta and AES break: https://factrail.ai/drivers/goita-junta-and-aes-break ## Sources - https://crisisgroup.org/sites/default/files/crisiswatch/CrisisWatch-September-2023-Africa_2.pdf - https://www.voanews.com/a/mali-niger-and-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-/7271405.html - https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/ - https://undocs.org/S/2023/695 ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/ml-goita-aes-2023