# Suu Kyi wins a 2012 by-election and enters parliament Date: 2012 ## The fact On 1 April 2012 [Aung San Suu Kyi](/people/aung-san-suu-kyi) won a Kawhmu by-election and entered the Pyithu Hluttaw. ## Context UEC declared. [Thein Sein](/people/thein-sein) still held the presidency. An MP oath is still a dated democratic-entry instrument. 2010 release is the neighbouring opening. 2015 landslide is later. Myanmar’s State Counsellor (2016–2021) was de facto civilian head under the 2008 Constitution; she did not command the Tatmadaw’s autonomous ministries, write a Bangladeshi gazette, an ICJ merits judgment, or a 2026 [Min Aung Hlaing](/people/min-aung-hlaing) amnesty. She has been detained since 1 February 2021; as of August 2026 she is under house arrest after sentence commutations, not in office. A Nobel lecture is not a clearance-operation order. An ICJ appearance is not a personal genocide conviction. A junta court sentence is not a finding that every charge was true. Allegation of a stolen 2020 count is not stored as a completed steal. A Panglong speech is not a nationwide ceasefire. A Reuters conviction is not a completed finding that the journalists planted evidence. A 2026 ICRC visit is not a release. ## Evidence and sources Union Election Commission Myanmar carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently. ## Significance The path is [democratic resilience](/drivers/democratic-resilience): a completed by-election entry records legal opposition inside the 2008 charter. ## What is established and what is not Established: a 1 April 2012 Kawhmu win and parliamentary entry, independently reported. What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions. The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit. UEC declared. She took the MP oath. Thein Sein remained president.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Suu Kyi wins a 2012 by-election and enters parliament, not a later speech about Suu Kyi wins a 2012 by-election and enters parliament. Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Suu Kyi wins a 2012 by-election and enters parliament on 2012-04-01 is not a licence to treat every later Union Election Commission Myanmar communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Suu Kyi wins a 2012 by-election and enters parliament into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to Voters in Kawhmu chose. UEC declared. She took the MP oath. Thein Sein remained president. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series. ## People - Aung San Suu Kyi: https://factrail.ai/people/aung-san-suu-kyi ## Drivers - Democratic Resilience: https://factrail.ai/drivers/democratic-resilience ## Sources - https://www.reuters.com/article/us-myanmar-election-idUSBRE8300A420120401 - https://www.uec.gov.mm/ ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/mm-suu-byelection-2012