# The Constitution of Medina binds emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans as a received charter

Date: 622

## The fact

In 622 CE, as later recensions and encyclopaedias date it, a Constitution of Medina bound emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans with [Muhammad](/people/muhammad) as referee. It is a received charter, not a recovered papyrus in this catalog. Muhammad's documented role is: He is named as community referee in the received charter text. Clans acceded; later recensions vary.

## Context

Yathrib politics were clan politics. Jewish tribes appear as parties in the received text. Sharing authorship with those clans is required. Later expulsion rows are not this charter. The setting of The Constitution of Medina binds emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans as a received charter is the public file around 0622-09-01. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver [democratic-resilience](/drivers/democratic-resilience) is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

The attached driver is democratic-resilience. The welfare reading used in this dossier is improving. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## Evidence and sources

Official locator: Britannica — Constitution of Medina at https://www.britannica.com/topic/Constitution-of-Medina (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent locator: Fordham Internet History Sourcebooks — Islamic political documents neighbourhood at https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/islam/islamsbook.asp (Fordham University). Official carrier: Britannica — Constitution of Medina (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Constitution-of-Medina; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Fordham Internet History Sourcebooks — Islamic political documents neighbourhood (https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/islam/islamsbook.asp; Fordham University).

Official or archival record: Britannica — Constitution of Medina (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Constitution-of-Medina; Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Significance

Improving path from The Constitution of Medina binds emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans as a received charter on 0622-09-01. A multi-clan political charter is a democratic-procedure path of medium confidence because the document survives as later recension. The welfare reading on this path is improving.

Shared responsibility is part of The Constitution of Medina binds emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans as a received charter. Naming Muhammad does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 0622-09-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## What is established and what is not

Established: a sourced public record of The Constitution of Medina binds emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans as a received charter under 0622-09-01 for Muhammad. Established: a sourced public record of The Constitution of Medina binds emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans as a received charter under 0622-09-01.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Do not treat later recension English as a 622 autograph. Do not merge with Badr. Mixed effects of The Constitution of Medina binds emigrants, helpers, and some Jewish clans as a received charter are separate paths.

## People

- Muhammad: https://factrail.ai/people/muhammad

## Drivers

- Democratic Resilience: https://factrail.ai/drivers/democratic-resilience

## Sources

- https://www.britannica.com/topic/Constitution-of-Medina
- https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/islam/islamsbook.asp

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/muh-constitution-medina-622