# 18 Brumaire overthrows the Directory as a dated coup

Date: 1799

## The fact

On 9–10 November 1799 Bonaparte overthrew the Directory (18 Brumaire). Troops ended the councils. It is a coup, not an election. Napoleon's documented role is: He used troops to end the Directory. Sieyès planned; councils were driven out.

## Context

Sieyès and Ducos share the plot. Sharing the coup with them is required. The setting of 18 Brumaire overthrows the Directory as a dated coup is the public file around 1799-11-09. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver [democratic-resilience](/drivers/democratic-resilience) is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

The attached driver is democratic-resilience. The welfare reading used in this dossier is worsening. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## Evidence and sources

Official locator: Britannica — Coup of 18–19 Brumaire at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Napoleon-I (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent locator: Fondation Napoléon — Brumaire at https://www.napoleon.org/en/ (Fondation Napoléon). Official carrier: Britannica — Coup of 18–19 Brumaire (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Napoleon-I; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Fondation Napoléon — Brumaire (https://www.napoleon.org/en/; Fondation Napoléon).

Official or archival record: Britannica — Coup of 18–19 Brumaire (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Napoleon-I; Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Significance

Worsening path from 18 Brumaire overthrows the Directory as a dated coup on 1799-11-09. A military-backed coup is a democratic-resilience path stored as cost of high weight. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

Shared responsibility is part of 18 Brumaire overthrows the Directory as a dated coup. Naming Napoleon does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1799-11-09 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## What is established and what is not

Established: a sourced public record of 18 Brumaire overthrows the Directory as a dated coup under 1799-11-09 for Napoleon. Established: a sourced public record of 18 Brumaire overthrows the Directory as a dated coup under 1799-11-09.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Do not twin with Vendémiaire. The Consulate constitution is neighbouring. Mixed effects of 18 Brumaire overthrows the Directory as a dated coup are separate paths.

## People

- Napoleon: https://factrail.ai/people/napoleon

## Drivers

- Democratic Resilience: https://factrail.ai/drivers/democratic-resilience

## Sources

- https://www.napoleon.org/en/
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Napoleon-I

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/nap-brumaire-1799