# Closure of civil-society organizations surpassed 3,500

Date: 2023

Human Rights Watch reported that by November 2023 authorities had closed more than 3,500 NGOs, representing roughly half of the organizations officially operating before April 2018. It also documented extensive media closures and exile of journalists. UN treaty-body findings separately recorded thousands of civil-society closures, including organizations working on women's rights, under the restrictive legal framework. [Human Rights Watch](https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2024/country-chapters/nicaragua?utm_source=chatgpt.com)

## Drivers

- Ortega–Murillo family autocracy: https://factrail.ai/drivers/ortega-family-autocracy

## Sources

- https://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=STsGm%2Fg56LjXAWDVXLE5p4QX19BWOEjiFENW9%2Byig9pABGj1uKV%2F9ZebmVHTiofJal5hz5FbRXhdglwwr%2B5cHOtNbOgJzEGYH0MXmCdTmt8%3D
- https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2024/country-chapters/nicaragua

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/ngo-closures-over-3500-by-2023