# Twilight of the Idols is published as a hammer-book against equality and ‘modern ideas’

Date: 1889

## The fact

In January 1889 Twilight of the Idols reached the public as a hammer against idols including equality and modern ideas.

It is one event.

## Context

Shared labour with the printer. He wrote the text; he did not correct proofs after 3 January 1889.

[Friedrich Nietzsche](/people/friedrich-nietzsche)’s documented role is bounded by other offices and collaborators named in the sources below. Sharing a field with them is not a reason to drop a documented act, and it is not a reason to assign later consequences done in the name after death.

He prepared Götzen-Dämmerung in 1888. It appeared in January 1889 as he collapsed in Turin. Printers issued a book he could no longer revise.
Named person as heading of the dated public instrument. Later editors, museums, printers, or offices share publication. Complex where later carriers date the row.

## Evidence and sources

eKGWB dating and Stanford’s life-works chronology independently place composition in 1888 and publication at the collapse.

Official or archival record: Nietzsche Source — Digital Critical Edition (eKGWB) (https://doc.nietzschesource.org/en/ekgwb; Nietzsche Source / Paolo D’Iorio).

## Significance

A last public hammer-book against equality is a [democratic-resilience](/drivers/democratic-resilience) cost even if the author was already ill.

Twilight is not Elisabeth’s Will to Power.

A last public hammer-book against equality is a democratic-resilience cost even if the author was already ill.

## What is established and what is not

Established: January 1889 public Twilight. Not established: that he signed a later Nazi preface.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

Established here: a sourced, dated public instrument with a named contribution by Friedrich Nietzsche.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date, signatory, or non-occurrence; a demonstrated forgery; or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of other causes.

They are not a public rating.

## People

- Friedrich Nietzsche: https://factrail.ai/people/friedrich-nietzsche

## Drivers

- Judicial independence erosion (court capture): https://factrail.ai/drivers/justice-judicial-independence-erosion

## Sources

- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nietzsche-life-works/
- https://doc.nietzschesource.org/en/ekgwb

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/nie-twilight-1889