# Sartre signs and publicises the Manifeste des 121 on the Algerian war

Date: 1960

## The fact

In September 1960 [Jean-Paul Sartre](/people/jean-paul-sartre) was among the signatories of the Manifeste des 121, the declaration on the right of insubordination in the Algerian war, and he used celebrity to keep the text public against seizure. Beauvoir, Duras, Blanchot and others signed. Sharing is the mechanism. It is rights against a French colonial war, not a later biopic.

## Context

Jeanson networks, torture files, and OAS bombs framed 1960. Sartre’s apartment would be targeted. That violence is done to him, not this signature as a crime he committed. The 121 is a list, not a government.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

## Evidence and sources

BnF data at https://data.bnf.fr/en/11923581/jean-paul_sartre/ locates Sartre in the French bibliographic public that carried the manifesto’s fame. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Paul-Sartre independently notes Algeria-war engagement including the 121.

Official or archival record: BnF data — Jean-Paul Sartre (https://data.bnf.fr/en/11923581/jean-paul_sartre/; Bibliothèque nationale de France).

## Significance

Rights path of mid weight. High confidence on the 1960 signature. Shared with 120 others; sharing is not a reason to drop him.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

## What is established and what is not

Established: Sartre signed and amplified the Manifeste des 121 in 1960. Not established: that he drafted every sentence as sole author. Contribution is recorded as He signed and used his fame for the Declaration on the right of insubordination in the Algerian war. One hundred twenty others signed; the state prosecuted. Complex. The impact note is A public manifesto for insubordination against a colonial war is a minority/anti-colonial rights path of mid weight, shared. The dated heading stays Sartre signs and publicises the Manifeste des 121 on the Algerian war on 1960-09-06, not a later statue, UNESCO listing, or school film. Printers, unnamed clerks, and later editors may appear in the same file without becoming this instrument. Later competitions, monuments, and adaptations are refused as extra lifetime acts of this person on this date.

The attached driver is [protection-of-minority-rights](/drivers/protection-of-minority-rights). The welfare reading used in this dossier is improving. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. The 121 is not the 1964 Nobel letter. Mixed effects of Sartre signs and publicises the Manifeste des 121 on the Algerian war are separate paths.

Shared responsibility is part of Sartre signs and publicises the Manifeste des 121 on the Algerian war. Naming Jean-Paul Sartre does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1960-09-06 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## People

- Jean-Paul Sartre: https://factrail.ai/people/jean-paul-sartre

## Drivers

- Protection of Minority Rights: https://factrail.ai/drivers/protection-of-minority-rights

## Sources

- https://data.bnf.fr/en/11923581/jean-paul_sartre/
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Paul-Sartre

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/sartre-manifeste-121-1960