# Arabia Petraea is annexed as a Roman province under Trajan

Date: 106

## The fact

In 106 the Nabataean kingdom was annexed as Arabia Petraea. The dated province is a Red Sea–Levant administrative instrument, not Dacia and not the 116 Parthian overstretch. [Trajan](/people/trajan)’s documented role is: He ordered annexation of the Nabataean kingdom. A. Cornelius Palma campaigned; a Via Nova followed; Trajan was in Dacia’s file that year. Do not twin this with Dacian annexation. Do not twin it with the later Parthian provinces. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear. Trajan's documented role is: He ordered annexation of the Nabataean kingdom. A. Cornelius Palma campaigned; a Via Nova followed; Trajan was in Dacia’s file that year.

## Context

Palma’s command, Bostra as later capital, and the Via Nova Traiana share the file. Annexation is not unique road-engineering by the emperor’s hand. Local Nabataean elites remain in the record. Named others on the file: A. Cornelius Palma, unnamed soldiers, and Nabataean office-holders share the annexation. The public setting is the file around 0106-03-22. Unnamed clerks, soldiers, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. The instrument stays Arabia Petraea is annexed as a Roman province under Trajan. The setting of Arabia Petraea is annexed as a Roman province under Trajan is the public file around 0106-03-22. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver [industrial-policy-activism](/drivers/industrial-policy-activism) is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

The attached driver is industrial-policy-activism. The welfare reading used in this dossier is improving. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

## Evidence and sources

Britannica and Livius independently date the 106 Arabian province. Official: Britannica — Trajan, Arabia Petraea (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent: Livius — Arabia Petraea (https://www.livius.org/articles/place/arabia-petraea/; Livius.org). The two URLs are different pages. Where the carrier is a later edition or a received narrative, that limit is stated rather than upgraded to an autograph. Official carrier: Britannica — Trajan, Arabia Petraea (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Livius — Arabia Petraea (https://www.livius.org/articles/place/arabia-petraea/; Livius.org).

Official or archival record: Britannica — Trajan, Arabia Petraea (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan; Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Significance

Improving industrial-policy path: a provincial road-and-tax administration on an existing caravan axis. Complex on later milestone and encyclopedia carriers. Welfare reading improving. The attached mechanism is A dated provincial annexation opened a Red Sea–Syria road and tax heading under imperial administration. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is improving.

Shared responsibility is part of Arabia Petraea is annexed as a Roman province under Trajan. Naming Trajan does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 0106-03-22 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 106 annexation of Nabataea as Arabia Petraea. Not established: a unique trade-volume series for that year. Established: a sourced public record of Arabia Petraea is annexed as a Roman province under Trajan under 0106-03-22. Established: a sourced public record of Arabia Petraea is annexed as a Roman province under Trajan under 0106-03-22.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Do not twin this with Dacian annexation. Do not twin it with the later Parthian provinces. Mixed effects of Arabia Petraea is annexed as a Roman province under Trajan are separate paths.

## People

- Trajan: https://factrail.ai/people/trajan

## Drivers

- Industrial-Policy Activism: https://factrail.ai/drivers/industrial-policy-activism

## Sources

- https://www.livius.org/articles/place/arabia-petraea/
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-arabia-petraea-106