# Gama sails on the heavily armed second voyage of 1502

Date: 1502

## The fact

In February 1502 [Gama](/people/vasco-da-gama) left Lisbon with a heavily armed second fleet. The dated armed departure is not the first-voyage 1497 sailing and not the later Miri or bombardment rows as those killings. Vasco da Gama’s documented role is: He commanded a much larger armed fleet to impose Portuguese terms on Malabar. The crown fitted guns; unnamed captains shared squadrons; he commanded. Do not twin this with the Miri burning or Calicut bombardment as if the departure were those acts. Departure is the fleet-instrument. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear. Vasco da Gama's documented role is: He commanded a much larger armed fleet to impose Portuguese terms on Malabar. The crown fitted guns; unnamed captains shared squadrons; he commanded.

## Context

Cabral’s 1500 factory disaster already sat in the file. Guns, convicts, and captains of squadrons share the expedition. A departure is not unique authorship of every later cartaz. Sharing with the crown is required. Named others on the file: Manuel I, unnamed squadron captains, and Malabar targets of the later months share the second voyage’s opening. The public setting is the file around 1502-02-12. Unnamed clerks, soldiers, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. The instrument stays Gama sails on the heavily armed second voyage of 1502. The setting of Gama sails on the heavily armed second voyage of 1502 is the public file around 1502-02-12. Shared offices, unnamed crews, printers, or later editors may appear without becoming this instrument. Driver [humanitarian-access](/drivers/humanitarian-access) is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

## Evidence and sources

Britannica independently dates the 1502 second-voyage departure as a distinct armed instrument. Official: Britannica — Vasco da Gama, second voyage 1502 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vasco-da-Gama; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent: Journal cluster and later second-voyage English as access (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/22599; Project Gutenberg). The two URLs are different pages. Where the carrier is a later edition or a received narrative, that limit is stated rather than upgraded to an autograph. Official carrier: Britannica — Vasco da Gama, second voyage 1502 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vasco-da-Gama; Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Journal cluster and later second-voyage English as access (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/22599; Project Gutenberg).

Official or archival record: Britannica — Vasco da Gama, second voyage 1502 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vasco-da-Gama; Encyclopaedia Britannica).

## Significance

Worsening humanitarian-access path: an armed punitive fleet’s departure. Complex shared crown war. Welfare reading worsening. The attached mechanism is A dated armed return opened the second-voyage killing-and-tribute file, distinct from the first-voyage landfall. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Do not twin this with the Miri burning or Calicut bombardment as if the departure were those acts. Departure is the fleet-instrument. Mixed effects of Gama sails on the heavily armed second voyage of 1502 are separate paths.

## What is established and what is not

Established: 1502 armed second-voyage sailing. Not established: that 1497 and 1502 are one fleet. Established: a sourced public record of Gama sails on the heavily armed second voyage of 1502 under 1502-02-12. Established: a sourced public record of Gama sails on the heavily armed second voyage of 1502 under 1502-02-12.

Shared responsibility is part of Gama sails on the heavily armed second voyage of 1502. Naming Vasco da Gama does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1502-02-12 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

The attached driver is humanitarian-access. The welfare reading used in this dossier is worsening. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

## People

- Vasco da Gama: https://factrail.ai/people/vasco-da-gama

## Drivers

- Humanitarian Access: https://factrail.ai/drivers/humanitarian-access

## Sources

- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vasco-da-Gama
- https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/22599

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/vdg-second-depart-1502