# Eskom runs Stage-6 load-shedding at the 2023 crisis peak

Date: 2023

## The fact

In February 2023 Eskom imposed Stage-6 load-shedding as unplanned outages peaked. [Ramaphosa](/people/cyril-ramaphosa) had declared a national state of disaster on electricity in 2022 and appointed a minister of electricity.

## Context

State capture of Eskom sat as parent. Neighbouring 16 May 2025 stop is a child. He did not sit as every unit operator.

Vulindlela 2020 is a parent reform. Load-shedding end 2025 is a child.

The President of South Africa heads the national executive, appoints Cabinet, and assents to bills. He does not write an Eskom generation print, an NPA charging decision, a DA court challenge, or a US executive order by himself. Phala Phala cash in a sofa is not a completed criminal verdict unless a court so holds.

## Evidence and sources

The Presidency of South Africa carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently.

## Significance

## What is established and what is not

Established: February 2023 Stage-6 peak, independently reported.

Not established: a unique later GDP coefficient from that week, or that sabotage uniquely authored every trip.

What would change the picture: a contradictory original with a different date or name, a later repeal, a court that vacated the instrument, or a measured series that can be argued, with lag and alternatives, as a consequence of this instrument rather than of later institutions.

The date is the date of this instrument, not a licence to back-date every later harm or benefit.

He owned NECOM and the electricity minister. Municipal distributors share last-mile.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies Eskom runs Stage-6 load-shedding at the 2023 crisis peak, not a later speech about Eskom runs Stage-6 load-shedding at the 2023 crisis peak.

Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. Eskom runs Stage-6 load-shedding at the 2023 crisis peak on 2023-02-10 is not a licence to treat every later The Presidency of South Africa communique as this same act. If a later repeal, stay, or successor instrument exists, it needs its own date and its own row. This dossier refuses to average Eskom runs Stage-6 load-shedding at the 2023 crisis peak into a personality. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to Eskom generated. He owned NECOM and the electricity minister. Municipal distributors share last-mile. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series.

## People

- Cyril Ramaphosa: https://factrail.ai/people/cyril-ramaphosa

## Drivers

- Energy Security: https://factrail.ai/drivers/energy-security
- Household Purchasing Power: https://factrail.ai/drivers/household-purchasing-power

## Sources

- https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-africa-hit-by-worst-power-cuts-record-eskom-2023-02-10/
- https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/facts/za-loadshed-2023