# Dick Schoof ## Identity and office Dick Schoof was prime minister of the Netherlands from 2 July 2024 to 23 February 2026. He is not prime minister on 4 September 2026. The office can swear a cabinet and resign. It does not give him PVV’s parliamentary group or a unique later asylum-stock integer. He is not a Ukraine co-belligerent on this catalog. ukraine-war is not minted and is not attached. 2014+/Karabakh/Kosovo/Taiwan events are not hung on territorial-revisionism. Soviet-scope rows are not used as primary homes. The oath file is dated. On 2 July 2024 the King swore the Schoof cabinet at Huis ten Bosch after 223 days of formation ([Rijksoverheid](https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/regering/over-de-regering/kabinetten-sinds-1945/kabinet-schoof); [BBC](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cd1r0xvn0z5o)). PVV ministers were sworn for the first time. Geert Wilders stayed outside as kingmaker. Mark Rutte handed over. Coalition language was the strictest-ever asylum policy. That phrase is stored as reported programme, not as a unique later stock integer. The collapse file is 3 June 2025. Wilders quit, accusing partners of failing to back tougher asylum rules. Schoof accused him of irresponsibility, said the collapse was unnecessary, and handed his resignation to King Willem-Alexander ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dutch-far-right-leader-wilders-quits-government-coalition-nos-2025-06-03/)). PVV ministers left. The cabinet continued demissionary until 23 February 2026. Fleur Agema is named as PVV deputy PM to that date. She is not minted. ## Documented benefits The offsets that a commissioned-positive portrait would lead with are real only where dated. NATO-summit caretaker continuity is neighbouring. A later Jetten cabinet is a different government’s fact. ## Contributions and limits of responsibility He accepted the 2 July 2024 premiership. He fronted the PVV-backed cabinet. He resigned on 3 June 2025 after PVV quit. He does not sit as Wilders. Sharing the cabinet with VVD, NSC, and BBB is not a reason to drop 2 July 2024. ## Causal chain through facts 2 July 2024 opens the asylum-cabinet file. 3 June 2025 records the PVV exit and resignation. None of those dates hangs on ukraine-war, territorial-revisionism, or Glavlit. He connects to the mechanism only through dated facts. ## What the score does not say This page does not promise an exact number. Direction on this chain is negative: a completed PVV-backed asylum cabinet under an independent PM, then a completed collapse on asylum. It does not invent a unique asylum-stock integer. A later genuine contest would be a different fact with a different date. Agema remains a name on this file, not an invented biography. ### A non-party prime minister headed a four-party cabinet from July 2024 Dick Schoof's cabinet was sworn in on 2 July 2024 at Huis ten Bosch Palace. The [Dutch government's official account](https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2024/07/02/schoof-government-sworn-in) identifies the coalition as the Freedom Party (PVV), [People's Party for Freedom and Democracy](/organizations/people-s-party-for-freedom-and-democracy) (VVD), New Social Contract (NSC) and Farmer-Citizen Movement (BBB), with 16 ministers and 13 state secretaries. Schoof himself had no party affiliation, an unusual feature that separated the office of prime minister from the leaders of the coalition parties. The distribution of cabinet posts showed the coalition balance directly: the PVV supplied five ministers and four state secretaries; VVD and NSC each supplied four ministers and three state secretaries; BBB supplied two ministers and three state secretaries. Three new ministries were also created, including a Ministry of Asylum and Migration. These details defined the institutional problem Schoof had to manage from his first day: he was responsible for coordinating a cabinet whose parliamentary foundation depended on four distinct parties, while the largest coalition party's leader remained outside the premiership. ### The PVV withdrawal in June 2025 ended the cabinet's governing majority That structure broke down on 3 June 2025 when the PVV withdrew its support. The [Dutch government announced](https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2025/06/03/prime-minister-schoof-tenders-governments-resignation) that Schoof tendered the resignation of all members of the government after the PVV leader concluded that his party would no longer support the cabinet in the House of Representatives. PVV-nominated ministers and state secretaries were granted immediate honourable discharge, while the King asked Schoof and the remaining ministers to continue carrying out duties considered necessary for the Kingdom. In his own [statement that day](https://www.government.nl/documents/2025/06/03/short-statement-by-prime-minister-dick-schoof-regarding-the-fall-of-the-government), Schoof said that once one party withdrew, there was insufficient parliamentary support to continue the government's program. The episode gives the 2024 oath a clear institutional consequence: Schoof's technocratic, non-party position did not insulate the cabinet from coalition arithmetic. Less than a year after taking office, the withdrawal of one coalition partner converted the government into a caretaker administration. ### The fall of a coalition is not the unilateral act of its prime minister Dick Schoof's short premiership illustrates an institutional constraint on a head of government recruited from outside ordinary party leadership. The Netherlands formed a multi-party cabinet after the 2023 election, with a prime minister expected to coordinate a program negotiated by parliamentary parties with sharply different incentives. On 3 June 2025, Schoof told the public that the Freedom Party's withdrawal made continued majority support impossible. His statement described the resulting resignations and the arrangement under which other ministers would remain in caretaker positions. That is the recorded sequence. A collapsed coalition is a serious failure of collective governance, but it is not proof that the prime minister personally chose the withdrawal. The [Dutch government](/organizations/dutch-government)'s separate official announcement lists the outgoing officeholders and their portfolios. This detail matters because Geert Wilders, whose PVV withdrew backing, did not occupy the prime minister's office. The party leader's parliamentary leverage and the cabinet leader's constitutional functions were different sources of power. Schoof publicly characterized the collapse as unnecessary and irresponsible, but that statement is a participant's evaluation, not a neutral final judgment on all preceding immigration disputes. [The PVV withdrawal record](/facts/nl-schoof-pvv-exit-2025) should be distinguished from the [July 2024 oath](/facts/nl-schoof-oath-2024) to show how fragile the original coalition agreement proved. Immigration was among the policy domains that made compromise difficult. The asylum-cabinet driver helps compare proposals, administrative capacity, legality, and the eventual collapse of coalition support. A plan announced by one party was not automatically an operative rule. Any assessment of benefits and harms would need to trace the formal measures introduced, judicial challenges, resources available to implementation, and effects on applicants and host communities. Claims that asylum numbers fell because Schoof personally ordered it, or that the collapse alone raised them, require evidence not provided by a leadership timeline. The caretaker period also reveals why parliamentary democracy cannot be evaluated by executive speed alone. Ministers have to keep essential public functions operating while a new political agreement is sought, but caretaker conventions and parliamentary scrutiny constrain controversial new commitments. Mark Rutte provides a comparison of earlier Dutch governing practice, without implying that his administration was identical to Schoof's coalition. The evidence points to a clear distribution of agency: parties negotiated and withdrew, the prime minister tendered resignations, the monarch handled the formal constitutional response, and parliament remained necessary to future governing authority. A sober dossier makes that chain visible instead of attributing the entire crisis to one face. ## Dated facts - 2025: PVV quits Schoof cabinet over asylum; Schoof resigns. https://factrail.ai/facts/nl-schoof-pvv-exit-2025. Sources: https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dutch-far-right-leader-wilders-quits-government-coalition-nos-2025-06-03/, https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/regering/over-de-regering/kabinetten-sinds-1945/kabinet-schoof. - 2024: Schoof sworn prime minister of a PVV–VVD–NSC–BBB cabinet. https://factrail.ai/facts/nl-schoof-oath-2024. Sources: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cd1r0xvn0z5o, https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/regering/over-de-regering/kabinetten-sinds-1945/kabinet-schoof. ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/people/dick-schoof