# Diogenes of Sinope The first fact about Diogenes of Sinope in a public catalog is a late book, not a recovered lamp. Hicks 1925 (https://archive.org/details/livesofeminentph02dioguoft and Loeb https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL185/1925/volume.xml) and Perseus Book 6 (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0258:book=6:chapter=2) are the dated English of an anecdotal Life. IEP at https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/ and SEP Cynics at https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/cynics/ independently treat Diogenes Laertius as late and mixed. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-of-Sinope is a general-reader door. The lantern and the Alexander sunlight scene (Perseus Plutarch Alexander 14 at https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Plut.+Alex. and Harvard Lives VII at https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674991101) are later printed, not verified mornings. Shamelessness anecdotes are printed, not case-files. Manes is a named slave in the vita. Coin-defacement: IEP states numismatic evidence that Sinopean coinage was adulterated, while Diocles versus Eubulides versus a Pordalus confession cannot stably name who did it. Kosmopolites can be an empty exit. Nature-over-nomos can sideline a bench. Begging is theatre. The dog heading can dehumanise. Lost titles are a false library. The 1975 eponym is a later medical instrument. PubMed’s Lancet record (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/47497/) names ‘Diogenes syndrome’. PMC reviews at https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3553571/ and https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2277810/ independently call the reference misleading and record the plea to exonerate the philosopher. He did not author a geriatric squalor clinic. The offsets are URLs with later dates. IEP and SEP flag legend. Perseus and Archive scans open the vita. Cologne’s Römisch-Germanisches Museum at https://roemisch-germanisches-museum.de/en displays a mosaic type as a limited door, not a face. A 2006 Sinop statue sits in a civic-tourism neighbourhood of the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism (https://www.ktb.gov.tr/) beside Britannica’s Sinope identity — a mascot and, on a split row, a local education object. Cambridge’s political-thought neighbourhood at https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-history-of-greek-and-roman-political-thought/ is a classroom file. British Library Greek manuscripts at https://www.bl.uk/greek-manuscripts are the medieval path, not a fourth-century autograph. IEP Cynics at https://iep.utm.edu/cynics/ places the school. What the score must not say: that the lantern is a dated act; that Alexander’s sunlight is a dispatch; that he defaced a named issue; that 1975 is his diagnosis; that a mosaic is his face; that kosmopolites is a UN covenant; that pithos is a recovered house. Complex contribution is the honest type. Confidence is high on editions and medical flags, medium on cosmopolitan and physis signs, low on unique modern indicator coefficients. 1925 is not 350. 1975 is not a pithos. 2006 is not a likeness. Hostile vita slander is not upgraded. Off-family indicator padding is refused. Related people are [Socrates](/people/jose-socrates) as an insecure ancestry-heading, Antisthenes as an insecure teacher-heading, Plato as later insult-pair, Alexander as later anecdote, Crates and Zeno as transmission headings, [Epicurus](/people/epicurus) as a rival Hellenistic school in later files, [Cicero](/people/cicero) as later Latin reception, [Plutarch](/people/plutarch) as the Alexander-carrier, Diogenes Laertius as compiler. The useful question is which later public pages still move knowledge, polarisation, and civic staffing under this name without inventing agora mornings. ## Dated facts - 359: Later lives say Diogenes or his father defaced Sinope's coinage, a civic-trust story not a recovered mint file. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-sinope-coins. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-Greek-philosopher. - 355: Exile from Sinope is the received political weather that makes the Cynic a displaced teacher. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-exile. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-Greek-philosopher. - 350: Later reports make Antisthenes the teacher through whom Diogenes enters a Socratic-Cynic line. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-antisthenes. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-Greek-philosopher. - 350: Athens years are later stored as a pithos or tub life, a public anti-household teaching. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-athens-pithos. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/cynics/, https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/. - 348: Later anecdote has Diogenes pluck a chicken against Plato's 'featherless biped' definition. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-plato-chicken. Sources: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0258:book=6:chapter=2, https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/. - 347: Later anecdote has Diogenes track mud on Plato's carpets as an anti-luxury teaching. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-plato-carpets. Sources: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0258:book=6:chapter=2, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-Greek-philosopher. - 345: The daylight-lantern search for a human being is later told as a public civic insult. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-lantern. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-Greek-philosopher. - 344: Cynic askesis is later stored as a public teaching that virtue needs few things. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-askesis-teach. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-Greek-philosopher. - 343: The dog name is later stored as insult-turned-badge, a public identity file that can also dehumanise. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-dog-name. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diogenes-Greek-philosopher. - 342: Later reports have Diogenes eat and perform bodily needs in the agora as a public shamelessness teaching. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-agora-eating. Sources: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0258:book=6:chapter=2, https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/. - 341: Virtue as publicly visible askesis is later stored as the Cynic claim that philosophy must be lived in the street. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-virtue-public. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/cynics/, https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/. - 340: Later reports have Diogenes call himself a citizen of the world, a public anti-polis heading. https://factrail.ai/facts/dio-cosmopolitan. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/cynics/, https://iep.utm.edu/diogenes-of-sinope/. ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/people/diogenes-of-sinope