# Édouard Philippe

Sourced causal chain, facts and drivers.

## Dated facts

- 2020: Philippe resigns as prime minister. https://factrail.ai/facts/philippe-resigns-2020-07-03. Sources: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-53276582, https://www.franceinfo.fr/politique/remaniement/edouard-philippe-la-demission_4032821.html, https://www.elysee.fr/emmanuel-macron/2020/07/03/m-edouard-philippe-a-remis-ce-jour-la-demission-du-gouvernement-au-president-de-la-republique-qui-la-acceptee.
- 2020: Philippe forces pension reform through with Article 49.3. https://factrail.ai/facts/philippe-pension-reform-49-3-2020-02-29. Sources: https://www.franceinfo.fr/economie/retraite/reforme-des-retraites/retraites-edouard-philippe-annonce-le-recours-a-l-article-49-3-de-la-constitution-pour-faire-adopter-sans-vote-le-projet-de-reforme_3846607.html.
- 2017: Édouard Philippe appointed French prime minister. https://factrail.ai/facts/philippe-becomes-french-pm-2017-05-15. Sources: https://www.bfmtv.com/politique/edouard-philippe-nomme-premier-ministre_AN-201705150054.html, https://www.thelocal.fr/20170515/what-you-need-to-know-about-edouard-philippe-and-why-macron-chose-him.

## Methodology

https://factrail.ai/methodology

Canonical: https://factrail.ai/people/edouard-philippe