# Gautama Buddha ## The offices he actually held The Buddha is a received mendicant teacher, not a verified civil registrant. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, SEP at https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/, IEP at https://iep.utm.edu/buddha/, SuttaCentral at https://suttacentral.net/, and Access to Insight at https://www.accesstoinsight.org/ are independent public files. The Met's Buddhist-art timeline at https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/budd/hd_budd.htm is later art history, not a likeness. The first fact is a chronology dispute. The second is a received going-forth. The third is a sangha that lives on alms. ## What went wrong Austerity as received. Extra rules for nuns as received. Caste not abolished as law. Royal patronage. Later relic-politics and Ashokan edicts that are not his hand. A Sarnath statue is not a face. ## What improved Going-forth, first sermon, four truths, dependent origination, sangha, middle way, rains retreat, compassion-and-non-harm as received ethics. Related people: Ananda, Mahapajapati, Devadatta, Bimbisara, Rahula, Ashoka as later user, Mahavira as neighbouring shramana heading, Confucius as a distant comparison only if not used — here Laozi/Confucius are not stored as meetings. No exact civil dates. Later art is later art. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. ## Dated facts - 500: Later canons place a Sakya household at Kapilavatthu as the received family setting, not a verified palace photograph. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-sakya-household. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/buddha/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism. - 480: The going-forth from household to homeless life is received as the dated turning, not a verified midnight tape. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-going-forth. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 479: Handbook dates for the Buddha's life remain disputed by centuries; this catalog stores that dispute and does not manufacture an exact civil year. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-chronology-disputed. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 478: Received accounts have a period of extreme austerity later rejected as a wrong path, a health-risk heading inside the vita. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-austerities. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 476: Rahula is the received son who goes forth; household-leaving includes a child-file this catalog does not romanticise as unique harm or unique good. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-rahula. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/buddha/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism. - 475: Later UNESCO listings of Bodh Gaya and Sarnath are not the Buddha's lifetime acts. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-not-unesco. Sources: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/budd/hd_budd.htm, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism. - 475: The first sermon at Isipatana/Sarnath is received as a public teaching of a middle path, not a recovered stenograph. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-first-sermon. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 475: Awakening under a tree at Uruvela/Bodh Gaya is received tradition, not a verified meteorological event with an ISO day. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-awakening-received. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 474: The middle way is received as a public rejection of both luxury and self-mortification, one teaching not two twins. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-middle-way. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 474: Four Noble Truths are received as a public diagnostic teaching, one cluster not four fake mornings. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-four-truths. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/buddha/, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 473: Dependent origination is received as a public conditional-arising teaching, not a unique modern causal dataset. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-dependent-origination. Sources: https://iep.utm.edu/buddha/, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. - 472: Alms-round is received as the economic instrument of the sangha, dependence on householders not a unique tax. https://factrail.ai/facts/bud-alms. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Buddha-founder-of-Buddhism, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddha/. ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/people/gautama-buddha