# Leonidas I The first fact about Leonidas I is a thin file. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-I and Perseus Herodotus at https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126 are the public narrative. Loeb at https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674991309 and Gutenberg https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2707 spread that narrative. This catalog refuses thirty battle-slices. Cambridge archaic studies at https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-archaic-greece/ print the unfree system. The 1955 monument via Hellenic culture pages at https://www.culture.gov.gr/en/ is a later number-cult. The monument is still a 1955 stone. NAM at https://www.nam.ac.uk/ marks later military-heritage use. The offsets are also URLs. The same Herodotus prints a coalition. Perseus Plutarch and Diodorus are later lives, not notebooks. Met Heilbrunn at https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/gkarch/hd_gkarch.htm teaches the archaic world. What the score must not say: that 300 is a payroll; that 480 is an ISO autograph; that a 1962 film is a primary; that he filed 1955. Complex contribution is the honest type. Confidence is high on Herodotus as a public book, medium on unique topography, low on unique helot counts. Related people are Xerxes, Gorgo, the other Spartan king, Herodotus. 1920 is a Loeb. 1955 is a statue. 480 is received on a later carrier. The useful question is which later public pages still move last-stand myth and helot erasure under his name. Keep Herodotus helots and the 1955 monument on separate dates. Remaining dated instruments kept after dropping later editions, museums, and split rows: -0480-08-01 Thermopylae is a completed defeat with a last stand as Herodotus later prints it; -0480-08-02 The same campaign under-names helots and allies beside the Spartiate heading; -0480-07-01 Spartan dual kingship sends one king to a blocking pass; -0480-08-03 The pass fighting is mutual mass killing in 480 as received; -0480-01-01 Spartiate command at the pass rests on helot unfree labour as the social system of the office. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. This catalog keeps only instruments dated to the lifetime (or received lifetime date) of Leonidas I. Posthumous museums, critical editions, UNESCO listings, and political reception by later states are evidence, not additional acts. The honest deficiency is that the current 30-Fact / 10-Article / 10-News Person gate cannot be met from securely dated instruments without attributing later editors and excavators to the ancient name. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a German chancellorship is not a relation. Hostile vita slander is not upgraded. Off-family indicator padding is refused. Confidence is high on named public pages, medium on unique coefficients, low on anecdote. On the kept graph: -0480-08-01 (cost, driver `humanitarian-access`): Thermopylae is a completed defeat with a last stand as Herodotus later prints it — official Perseus — Herodotus, Histories (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126); independent Britannica — Leonidas I (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-I). -0480-08-02 (cost, driver `protection-of-minority-rights`): The same campaign under-names helots and allies beside the Spartiate heading — official Perseus — Herodotus, Histories (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126); independent Cambridge Companion to Archaic Greece (https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-archaic-greece/). -0480-07-01 (cost, driver `democratic-resilience`): Spartan dual kingship sends one king to a blocking pass — official Britannica — Leonidas I (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-I); independent Cambridge Companion to Archaic Greece (https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-archaic-greece/). -0480-08-03 (cost, driver `political-polarization`): The pass fighting is mutual mass killing in 480 as received — official Perseus — Herodotus, Histories (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126); independent Loeb — Herodotus (https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674991309). -0480-01-01 (cost, driver `labour-market-tightness`): Spartiate command at the pass rests on helot unfree labour as the social system of the office — official Cambridge Companion to Archaic Greece (https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-archaic-greece/); independent Britannica — Leonidas I (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-I). A Driver is attached only where a mechanism can be named. The public score, when later computed, is formula-derived only. Sources named on each Fact page are the causal evidence; Wikipedia is not. Allegations stay allegations. Contested ancient evidence stays contested. ## Dated facts - 489: Leonidas succeeds as Agiad king after Cleomenes I. https://factrail.ai/facts/leo-accession-489. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cleomenes-I, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-king-of-Sparta. - The pass fighting is mutual mass killing in 480 as received. https://factrail.ai/facts/leo-persian-war-killing. Sources: https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674991309, https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126. - 480: The same campaign under-names helots and allies beside the Spartiate heading. https://factrail.ai/facts/leo-helots-erasure. Sources: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126, https://doi.org/10.1017/ccol9780521822008. - 480: Thermopylae is a completed defeat with a last stand as Herodotus later prints it. https://factrail.ai/facts/leo-thermopylae-herodotus. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-king-of-Sparta, https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126. - 480: The Carneia festival constrains the Spartan levy at the time of Thermopylae. https://factrail.ai/facts/leo-carnea-480. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-king-of-Sparta, https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0126. - 480: Spartan dual kingship sends one king to a blocking pass. https://factrail.ai/facts/leo-kingship-dual-war. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-king-of-Sparta, https://doi.org/10.1017/ccol9780521822008. - 480: Spartiate command at the pass rests on helot unfree labour as the social system of the office. https://factrail.ai/facts/leo-helot-labour-sparta. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonidas-king-of-Sparta, https://doi.org/10.1017/ccol9780521822008. ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/people/leonidas-i