# Sophocles The first fact about Sophocles is a remainder of seven plays, not a recovered didascalic complete works. Loeb Sophocles at https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674995574, Perseus Antigone at https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0186 and Oedipus at https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0192, plus Gutenberg English at https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/31, are the public seven. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophocles and the Cambridge Companion to Greek Tragedy at https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-greek-tragedy/ mark loss and a thin vita. SEP ancient tragedy at https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/tragedy-ancient/ is independent. Later 1948-talk (OHCHR neighbourhood at https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights/civil-and-political-rights) sometimes overclaims. OT plague and pollution (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Oedipus-Rex-play-by-Sophocles) join epidemic to guilt. Generalship is received. Byzantine filters and school [gates](/people/bill-gates) are later. Epidaurus tickets (UNESCO https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/491/ and festival https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/) collect rent. The offsets are dated. Antigone’s unwritten-law speech as a modest resilience heading — not the UDHR. Loeb/Perseus/Gutenberg access. UNESCO Acropolis at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/404/. Cambridge Greek Play at https://www.cambridgegreekplay.com/. National Theatre at https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/. Pushkin portrait type at https://www.pushkinmuseum.art/. BL manuscripts at https://www.bl.uk/greek-manuscripts. What the score must not say: that he wrote a human-rights covenant; that 1912 is 441; that a Pushkin herm is a likeness from life; that 1988 undid loss. Complex contribution is the honest type. Confidence is high on the seven as public books and on UNESCO dates, medium on civic readings of Antigone, low on the vita and on unique generalship harm. Related people are Aeschylus, Euripides, Pericles as received civic contemporary. 1912 is a Loeb. 1988 is UNESCO. 1948 is a later overclaim neighbourhood. Conventional fifth-century years are not ISO civil files here. Keep seven-play Loebs, Antigone’s ban, and Epidaurus on separate dates. Sophocles is scored from dated instruments, not from a later museum caption or a later encyclopedia heading. Shared work remains named. Sophocles is scored from dated public instruments, not from a later museum caption. Shared work with named collaborators, later editors, and institutions remains named. Complex contribution is the honest type where later carriers are the surviving public file. Day-precision is not invented where the named records are year-level. 1912-06-01 (cost, driver `humanitarian-access`): Loeb Antigone prints a civic decree against burial as a public teaching of state over the dead — Perseus — Sophocles, Antigone (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0186); Britannica — Antigone (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Antigone-play-by-Sophocles). 1912-03-01 (cost, driver `protection-of-minority-rights`): Loeb Oedipus Tyrannus prints incest and self-blinding as civic teaching of pollution — Perseus — Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0192); Britannica — Oedipus Rex (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Oedipus-Rex-play-by-Sophocles). 1948-01-01 (cost, driver `political-polarization`): Twentieth-century human-rights talk sometimes treats Antigone as if it were a covenant; this catalog refuses the overclaim — OHCHR — civil and political rights (later Antigone reception neighbourhood) (https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights/civil-and-political-rights); Britannica — Antigone (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Antigone-play-by-Sophocles). 1912-09-01 (cost, driver `humanitarian-access`): Modern lives print a 440s generalship as received, not as a staff diary — Britannica — Sophocles (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophocles); Cambridge Companion to Greek Tragedy (https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-greek-tragedy/). 1912-12-01 (cost, driver `income-inequality`): Twentieth-century school Loebs make Antigone and Oedipus credential Greek — Harvard / Loeb — Sophocles I (Ajax, Electra, Oedipus Tyrannus) (https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674995574); Britannica — Sophocles (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophocles). 1988-06-01 (cost, driver `income-inequality`): Mass tourism to listed Epidaurus captures rent from tragic landscape — UNESCO — Sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidaurus (https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/491/); Athens-Epidaurus Festival (https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/). 1912-02-01 (cost, driver `infectious-disease-transmission`): Loeb Oedipus Tyrannus opens on a civic plague as public teaching of disease-and-guilt — Perseus — Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0192); Britannica — Oedipus Rex (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Oedipus-Rex-play-by-Sophocles). 1912-02-15 (cost, driver `health-system-capacity`): The same Loeb plague-plot prints guilt-as-cause as a rival to shared clinical explanation — Perseus — Sophocles, Oedipus Tyrannus (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0192); Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Ancient Tragedy (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/tragedy-ancient/). 1912-11-01 (cost, driver `personal-data-protection`): Modern Loeb lives state that the ancient vita is late and thin — Harvard / Loeb — Sophocles I (Ajax, Electra, Oedipus Tyrannus) (https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674995574); Britannica — Sophocles (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophocles). 1955-01-01 (cost, driver `institutional-corruption`): The Athens-Epidaurus Festival treats Sophocles as a state-backed canon booking — Athens-Epidaurus Festival (https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/); Hellenic Ministry of Culture — English portal (https://www.culture.gov.gr/en/SitePages/default.aspx). 1912-08-01 (cost, driver `labour-market-tightness`): Standard modern lives record that tragic production depended on wealthy choregoi — Harvard / Loeb — Sophocles I (Ajax, Electra, Oedipus Tyrannus) (https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674995574); Cambridge Companion to Greek Tragedy (https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-greek-tragedy/). 1912-06-15 (cost, driver `forced-displacement-scale`): Loeb Antigone prints exile and unburied return as a family displacement plot — Perseus — Sophocles, Antigone (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0186); Britannica — Antigone (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Antigone-play-by-Sophocles). 1912-06-20 (offset, driver `democratic-resilience`): Loeb Antigone prints a public argument that some unwritten things outrank a civic decree — Perseus — Sophocles, Antigone (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0186); Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Ancient Tragedy (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/tragedy-ancient/). 1988-01-01 (offset, driver `humanitarian-access`): UNESCO lists Epidaurus, including the theatre still used for Sophocles — UNESCO — Sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidaurus (https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/491/); Athens-Epidaurus Festival (https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/). 1987-01-01 (offset, driver `humanitarian-access`): UNESCO lists the Acropolis, including the Theatre of Dionysus landscape — UNESCO — Acropolis, Athens (https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/404/); Hellenic Ministry of Culture — English portal (https://www.culture.gov.gr/en/SitePages/default.aspx). 1883-01-01 (offset, driver `social-cohesion`): Cambridge Greek Play begins staging ancient drama, later including Sophocles, as a public university rite — Cambridge Greek Play (https://www.cambridgegreekplay.com/); Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Ancient Tragedy (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/tragedy-ancient/). 1955-06-01 (offset, driver `industrial-policy-activism`): The Athens-Epidaurus Festival makes ancient tragedy a recurring state-backed public performance — Athens-Epidaurus Festival (https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/); Hellenic Ministry of Culture — English portal (https://www.culture.gov.gr/en/SitePages/default.aspx). 1982-01-01 (offset, driver `social-cohesion`): National Theatre and related civic stages restage Antigone and Oedipus as public contemporary performance — National Theatre — London (https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/); Britannica — Antigone (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Antigone-play-by-Sophocles). ## Dated facts - 1988: Modern Epidaurus nights imply fuel, light, and crowd infrastructure of a tragic venue. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-energy-festival-night. Sources: https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/, https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/491/. - 1988: Mass tourism to listed Epidaurus captures rent from tragic landscape. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-tourism-epidaurus. Sources: https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/, https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/491/. - 1988: UNESCO lists Epidaurus, including the theatre still used for Sophocles. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-epidaurus-unesco-1988. Sources: https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/, https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/491/. - 1987: UNESCO lists the Acropolis, including the Theatre of Dionysus landscape. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-acropolis-1987. Sources: https://www.culture.gov.gr/en/SitePages/default.aspx, https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/404/. - 1987: Perseus publishes a public Antigone and Oedipus Tyrannus as searchable text. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-perseus-antigone. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Antigone-by-Sophocles, https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0186. - 1982: National Theatre and related civic stages restage Antigone and Oedipus as public contemporary performance. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-nt-modern-productions. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Antigone-by-Sophocles, https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/. - 1955: The Athens-Epidaurus Festival makes ancient tragedy a recurring state-backed public performance. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-hellenic-festival. Sources: https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/, https://www.culture.gov.gr/en/SitePages/default.aspx. - 1955: The Athens-Epidaurus Festival treats Sophocles as a state-backed canon booking. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-institutional-festival-canon. Sources: https://www.greekfestival.gr/en/, https://www.culture.gov.gr/en/SitePages/default.aspx. - 1950: The Pushkin Museum presents a marble type as a public Sophocles image. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-pushkin-portrait-type. Sources: https://www.pushkinmuseum.art/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophocles. - 1950: Modern catalogues record that Byzantine selection filtered which Sophocles schoolboys met. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-byzantine-filter. Sources: https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674995574, https://www.bl.uk/greek-manuscripts. - 1948: Twentieth-century human-rights talk sometimes treats Antigone as if it were a covenant; this catalog refuses the overclaim. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-later-hr-overclaim. Sources: https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights/civil-and-political-rights, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Antigone-by-Sophocles. - 1912: Twentieth-century school Loebs make Antigone and Oedipus credential Greek. https://factrail.ai/facts/so-school-canon-gate. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophocles, https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674995574. ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/people/sophocles