# Trajan The first fact about Trajan in a public catalog is a war-spiral and a rescript that keeps a death penalty for religious obstinacy, not a marble Optimus. Loeb Pliny at https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674990661 and Perseus https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0139 print Letters 10.96–97: [hunt](/people/jeremy-hunt) no one, ignore anonymous lists, punish those who persist. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan does not make him a recusant’s friend. LacusCurtius Dio at https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/home.html prints Dacia and the eastern gamble. Sovrintendenza pages at https://www.sovraintendenzaroma.it/ and UNESCO Rome at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/ present a spiral of conquest. Orastie fortresses at https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/598/ are a Dacian landscape after defeat. EDH at https://edh.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/ publishes alimenta tables that sit on estates. Mercati di Traiano at https://www.mercatiditraiano.it/en is both a labour monument and a museum. The offsets are also URLs. The same Pliny book is written administration. Ostia pages at https://www.ostia-antica.org/ print the hexagonal basin. Glyptothek presentation at https://www.antike-am-koenigsplatz.mwn.de/en/glyptothek-munich.html is a public face-type. Cambridge companions supply independent limits. What the score must not say: that he abolished slavery; that 10.97 is a toleration edict; that 106 is a GPS body count; that a 2007 museum is 112 CE. Complex contribution is the honest type. Confidence is high on Pliny, the Column, and published stones, medium on unique fiscal coefficients, low on games epidemiology. Related people are Hadrian, Pliny, Apollodorus, Decebalus, Nerva, Plotina. 1920 Loeb is not 112. 1980 is UNESCO. 2007 is a museum. The useful question is which later public pages still move conquest, minority penalty, and child-support tables under his name. Keep Column Pliny alimenta and Portus on separate dates. Remaining dated instruments kept after dropping later editions, museums, and split rows: 0106-01-01 The Dacian wars close as a completed conquest with mass killing and annexation as later Dio prints it; 0113-01-01 Trajan’s Column presents a spiral of Dacian war as public stone narrative in Rome; 0116-01-01 The Parthian campaign is a late expansion that could not be held, as later Dio prints it; 0112-01-01 Pliny–Trajan letters instruct punishment of obstinate Christians while rejecting anonymous lists; 0107-01-01 Trajanic games are printed as mass blood spectacle in later Dio and encyclopedia pages; 0101-06-01 Alimenta inscriptions sit inside an estate economy that uses enslaved rural labour; 0111-01-01 Pliny’s Bithynian file records cities, debts, and imperial extraction under Trajan’s correspondence; 0106-06-01 Decebalus’s end is presented as a trophy of Dacian conquest on the Column and in later Dio; 0116-06-01 Armenia, Mesopotamia, and Assyria are created as short-lived Trajanic provinces; 0101-01-01 The Veleia alimenta tables record a completed child-support loan scheme inside an estate economy; 0113-01-15 The Forum of Trajan with the Markets is dedicated as a public imperial complex; 0109-06-24 The Aqua Traiana is dedicated as a completed water-supply instrument for Rome; 0109-01-01 The Via Traiana is completed as an Adriatic road from Beneventum toward Brundisium; 0113-06-01 Trajan’s hexagonal harbour at Portus is completed as a grain-and-trade basin; 0108-01-01 Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa is founded as a colonial city in conquered Dacia; 0105-01-01 Apollodorus’s Danube bridge is built as a completed crossing for the Dacian wars. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. This catalog keeps only instruments dated to the lifetime (or received lifetime date) of Trajan. Posthumous museums, critical editions, UNESCO listings, and political reception by later states are evidence, not additional acts. The honest deficiency is that the current 30-Fact / 10-Article / 10-News Person gate cannot be met from securely dated instruments without attributing later editors and excavators to the ancient name. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a German chancellorship is not a relation. ## Dated facts - 116: Armenia, Mesopotamia, and Assyria are created as short-lived Trajanic provinces. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-eastern-annex-instability. Sources: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-the-age-of-trajan/, https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/home.html. - 116: The Parthian campaign is a late expansion that could not be held, as later Dio prints it. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-parthian-overstretch. Sources: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-the-age-of-trajan/, https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/home.html. - 115: The Kitos War breaks out as a Jewish-Roman conflict in the east during Trajan’s Parthian campaigns. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-kitos-war-115. Sources: https://www.livius.org/articles/concept/diaspora-revolt/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan. - 114: Trajan takes the title Optimus as an official imperial epithet. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-optimus-114. Sources: https://www.livius.org/articles/person/trajan/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan. - 114: The Arch of Trajan at Beneventum is dedicated as a public sculpted gate. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-arch-beneventum-114. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arch-of-Trajan, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan. - 113: Trajan’s hexagonal harbour at Portus is completed as a grain-and-trade basin. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-ostia-portus. Sources: https://www.ostia-antica.org/, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan. - 113: Greek and Latin libraries of the Forum of Trajan open as a public book complex. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-forum-libraries-113. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan, https://www.livius.org/articles/place/rome/rome-photos/rome-forum-of-trajan/. - 113: The Forum of Trajan with the Markets is dedicated as a public imperial complex. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-forum-public. Sources: https://www.mercatiditraiano.it/en, https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/. - 113: Trajan’s Column presents a spiral of Dacian war as public stone narrative in Rome. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-column-war-spiral. Sources: https://www.sovraintendenzaroma.it/, https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/. - 112: Pliny–Trajan letters instruct punishment of obstinate Christians while rejecting anonymous lists. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-pliny-christians. Sources: https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674990661, https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0139. - 111: Pliny’s Bithynian file records cities, debts, and imperial extraction under Trajan’s correspondence. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-provincial-extraction. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan, https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0139. - 109: The Aqua Traiana is dedicated as a completed water-supply instrument for Rome. https://factrail.ai/facts/trj-aqua-traiana. Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan, https://www.sovraintendenzaroma.it/. ## Methodology https://factrail.ai/methodology Canonical: https://factrail.ai/people/trajan