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India's Aadhaar Becomes the World's Largest Biometric Digital ID
Launched by UIDAI in 2009, Aadhaar issues a 12-digit biometric-backed identity number; by the early 2020s over 1.3 billion residents (roughly 99% of adults) were enrolled, underpinning Direct Benefit Transfers and thousands of welfare schemes. It is the flagship of India's digital public infrastructure, though it has drawn privacy and exclusion concerns.
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What happened
Launched by UIDAI in 2009, Aadhaar issues a 12-digit biometric-backed identity number; by the early 2020s over 1.3 billion residents (roughly 99% of adults) were enrolled, underpinning Direct Benefit Transfers and thousands of welfare schemes. It is the flagship of India's digital public infrastructure, though it has drawn privacy and exclusion concerns.
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