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Income, Employment, and Material Well-Being

Median equivalised disposable income in purchasing power standards

It belongs to Income, Employment, and Material Well-Being, the part of the welfare catalog concerned with household resources, labour-market inclusion, and the material constraints that shape daily choices. The exact stored unit is purchasing power standards per person, the geographic presentation is global, the dat…

current value21,415purchasing power standards per person
Within typical rangeImproving(+1569)
GlobalAbove normal = betterimportance: 0.80unit: purchasing power standards per person0 active driversUpdated Dec 2025

How to read it

Readings above the normal line are better than normal; readings below it are worse.

Indicator & its drivers over time

About this indicator

It belongs to Income, Employment, and Material Well-Being, the part of the welfare catalog concerned with household resources, labour-market inclusion, and the material constraints that shape daily choices. The exact stored unit is purchasing power standards per person, the geographic presentation is global, the data publisher is Eurostat, and the immutable numerical identity is EUROSTAT ilc_di03 The preliminary catalog candidate 2 is reconciled to the exact official series “Median equivalised disposable income in purchasing power standards” in purchasing power standards per person. This is a deliberate canonical correction: the database title names what the values actually measure, while the input wording remains in the reconciliation and audit trail. No hidden proxy label, fallback series, or silently substituted denominator remains. For catalog item 2, the provider definition is: Mean and median income by age and sex. Factrail retains only observations matching age=TOTAL|freq=A|sex=T|statinfo=MED_EI|unit=PPS. The exact Eurostat dimension codes and any disclosed arithmetic combination remain part of the immutable series identity. That definition controls the denominator, population, reporting instrument, and statistical meaning. This Indicator records an observed outcome; it does not assert why that outcome changed. Welfare assessment for item 2 uses higherisbetter. Higher observations are treated as better welfare relative to the dated comparative reference. The direction applies to the stored official measure after the disclosed transformation, if any, rather than being inferred from an emotionally positive or negative title. No mathematical transformation is applied before persistence. Keeping title, series identity, unit, scope, transformation, and interpretation together prevents the record from mixing incompatible measurement concepts. The numerical observations for catalog item 2 were retrieved from Mean and median income by age and sex through https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/ilcdi03?lang=en&sinceTimePeriod=2018&untilTimePeriod=2025&freq=A&age=TOTAL&sex=T&statinfo=MEDEI&unit=PPS (opens in a new tab). The provider landing page is https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilcdi03/default/table?lang=en (opens in a new tab). The research package records the access date, exact dataset and series identifiers, dimension key age=TOTAL|freq=A|sex=T|statinfo=MEDEI|unit=PPS, unit, provider metadata, transformation, and yearly aggregation label. The bounded Source and Evidence records can therefore reproduce which numbers were used without treating a generic homepage as row-level proof. Measurement provenance for item 2 follows this provider method: Eurostat supplies harmonised country observations under one explicit dimension tuple. Factrail records a disclosed unweighted annual mean of reporting economies, and any sum or ratio uses only components from that same dataset, year, country, and unit. 2018 combines 39 reporting economies; 2019 combines 37 reporting economies; 2020 combines 36 reporting economies; 2021 combines 35 reporting economies; 2022 combines 34 reporting economies; 2023 combines 34 reporting economies; 2024 combines 32 reporting economies; 2025 combines 30 reporting economies. The output keeps full numerical precision through NormalLine, deviation, and interpretation calculations. Display clients may round for readability, but the persisted value is not squeezed into a zero-to-one score and is not rounded before calculation. The item 2 NormalLine starts on 2018-01-01 at 22408 purchasing power standards per person. 75th percentile of provider-published reporting-economy observations in the selected series and dimensions. The calculation keeps the source unit, dimensions, and transformation fixed and is a comparative reference rather than an invented statutory target. For zeroisnorm, the value is exactly zero and is never relaxed because non-zero observations are common. For every item 2 point, normallinevalue copies that dated line and deviationfromnormal is stored in raw-unit terms as observation minus NormalLine. Arithmetic sign and welfare sign are separate. A positive raw deviation is adverse for lowerisbetter, favourable for higherisbetter, and adverse above zero for zeroisnorm. The custom governance score retains its provider scale and uses the public methodology explanation rather than title sentiment. The complete retained sequence is 2018: 15002.7692308 purchasing power standards per person; 2019: 15799.1081081 purchasing power standards per person; 2020: 15899 purchasing power standards per person; 2021: 16055.4 purchasing power standards per person; 2022: 16772.5588235 purchasing power standards per person; 2023: 17712.7058824 purchasing power standards per person; 2024: 19845.9375 purchasing power standards per person; 2025: 21414.6 purchasing power standards per person. The first observation is 15002.7692308 purchasing power standards per person in 2018 and the latest is 21414.6 purchasing power standards per person in 2025. The absolute change is 6411.83076923 purchasing power standards per person, equivalent to 42.7376484341% of the absolute starting level. The minimum observed value is 15002.7692308 purchasing power standards per person, and the maximum is 21414.6 purchasing power standards per person. For catalog item 2, the latest observation differs from the NormalLine by -993.4 purchasing power standards per person and is classified as negative under higherisbetter. That classification is a deterministic comparison, not a causal explanation or editorial verdict. A movement may reflect real change, altered reporting coverage, revised estimates, a changed survey frame, or several of those at once. There are 8 retained item 2 observations in the selected 2018-2025 research window. The retained observations satisfy the minimum temporal rule without interpolation, extrapolation, or forward filling. Missing years are absent observations, not zeroes. The sequence is intentionally irregular when the official source is irregular, because a smooth-looking line created by invented values would be methodologically false. The displayed global item 2 sequence has one consistent numerical identity: EUROSTAT ilc_di03 No second source series is spliced into a gap, no latest value is copied into a missing year, and no country-only observation is relabelled as a World value. If the source later adds or revises an observation, the update must arrive as a new reviewed research package with its own checksum and audit record. A defensible graph edge requires an existing Driver, direction, strength, lag, confidence, and Source/Evidence that supports the mechanism. The outcome series alone cannot establish that causal chain. For item 2, importance weight 0.8 is generated by indicator-importance-rubric-v1. Its five committed components are directness 0.85, population reach 0.7, persistence 0.8, effect on human capabilities 0.8, and overlap control 0.85. The formula weights them 0.35, 0.25, 0.20, 0.15, and 0.05, then rounds to the nearest 0.05. The value is deterministic and reproducible; it is not an intuitive score assigned while drafting prose. The 2018-2025 sequence for item 2 is too short for strong causal or structural claims. Cross-economy comparability can be affected by institutional definitions, survey coverage, modelled estimates, missing observations, classification practices, revisions, and unequal statistical capacity. A global aggregate or unweighted reporting-economy mean can also conceal distributional extremes and should not be used as an individual-level estimate. The item 2 NormalLine is a transparent comparative reference, not a claim that every jurisdiction has the same legal target or feasible frontier. The source may revise both historical points and metadata. Any later refresh must preserve the earlier Source, Evidence, checksum, and audit trail; it must not mutate the meaning of an already reviewed series identity.

Causal network

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed