Air transport, passengers carried

It belongs to Housing, Infrastructure, and Basic Services, the part of the welfare catalog concerned with the habitability, affordability, and service infrastructure of the places where people live. The exact stored unit is Number, the geographic presentation is global, the data publisher is World Bank, and the immutable numerical identity is WDI IS.AIR.PSGR identity. Candidate 19 is broader or differently denominated than “Air transport, passengers carried” in Number. Factrail stores this narrower source-defined measure, preserves the input wording in reconciliation, and makes no claim that the values measure the broader phrase. For catalog item 19, the provider definition is: Air carrier data per country refers to passengers carried by airlines registered in that country regardless of the origin or destination of the passengers. That definition controls the denominator, population, reporting instrument, and statistical meaning. This Indicator records an observed outcome; it does not assert why that outcome changed. Welfare assessment for item 19 uses higherisbetter. Higher observations are treated as better welfare relative to the dated comparative reference. The direction applies to the stored official measure after the disclosed transformation, if any, rather than being inferred from an emotionally positive or negative title. No mathematical transformation is applied before persistence. Keeping title, series identity, unit, scope, transformation, and interpretation together prevents the record from mixing incompatible measurement concepts. The numerical observations for catalog item 19 were retrieved from World Development Indicators (WDI) through https://data360api.worldbank.org/data360/data?DATABASEID=WBWDI&INDICATOR=WBWDIISAIRPSGR&timePeriodFrom=2018&timePeriodTo=2025 (opens in a new tab). The provider landing page is https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.AIR.PSGR (opens in a new tab). The research package records the access date, exact dataset and series identifiers, dimension key country=all, unit, provider metadata, transformation, and yearly aggregation label. The bounded Source and Evidence records can therefore reproduce which numbers were used without treating a generic homepage as row-level proof. Measurement provenance for item 19 follows this provider method: The World Bank world aggregate is retained when it exists for a year; otherwise Factrail records a disclosed unweighted mean of reporting economies for the same exact indicator code. The aggregation label on every point distinguishes those two cases. 2018 combines 158 reporting economies; 2019 combines 156 reporting economies; 2020 combines 153 reporting economies; 2021 combines 155 reporting economies; 2022 combines 151 reporting economies; 2023 combines 149 reporting economies. The output keeps full numerical precision through NormalLine, deviation, and interpretation calculations. Display clients may round for readability, but the persisted value is not squeezed into a zero-to-one score and is not rounded before calculation. The item 19 NormalLine starts on 2018-01-01 at 12147655.8375 Number. 75th percentile of provider-published reporting-economy observations in the selected series and dimensions. The calculation keeps the source unit, dimensions, and transformation fixed and is a comparative reference rather than an invented statutory target. For zeroisnorm, the value is exactly zero and is never relaxed because non-zero observations are common. For every item 19 point, normallinevalue copies that dated line and deviationfromnormal is stored in raw-unit terms as observation minus NormalLine. Arithmetic sign and welfare sign are separate. A positive raw deviation is adverse for lowerisbetter, favourable for higherisbetter, and adverse above zero for zeroisnorm. The custom governance score retains its provider scale and uses the public methodology explanation rather than title sentiment. The complete retained sequence is 2018: 4293921426.13 Number; 2019: 4455690101.03 Number; 2020: 1771894087.02 Number; 2021: 2279974770.12 Number; 2022: 3230288279.67 Number; 2023: 4268984474.04 Number. The first observation is 4293921426.13 Number in 2018 and the latest is 4268984474.04 Number in 2023. The absolute change is -24936952.0913 Number, equivalent to -0.580750079394% of the absolute starting level. The minimum observed value is 1771894087.02 Number, and the maximum is 4455690101.03 Number. For catalog item 19, the latest observation differs from the NormalLine by 4256836818.2 Number and is classified as positive under higherisbetter. That classification is a deterministic comparison, not a causal explanation or editorial verdict. A movement may reflect real change, altered reporting coverage, revised estimates, a changed survey frame, or several of those at once. There are 6 retained item 19 observations in the selected 2018-2025 research window. The retained observations satisfy the minimum temporal rule without interpolation, extrapolation, or forward filling. Missing years are absent observations, not zeroes. The sequence is intentionally irregular when the official source is irregular, because a smooth-looking line created by invented values would be methodologically false. The displayed global item 19 sequence has one consistent numerical identity: WDI IS.AIR.PSGR identity. No second source series is spliced into a gap, no latest value is copied into a missing year, and no country-only observation is relabelled as a World value. If the source later adds or revises an observation, the update must arrive as a new reviewed research package with its own checksum and audit record. A defensible graph edge requires an existing Driver, direction, strength, lag, confidence, and Source/Evidence that supports the mechanism. The outcome series alone cannot establish that causal chain. For item 19, importance weight 0.8 is generated by indicator-importance-rubric-v1. Its five committed components are directness 0.8, population reach 0.75, persistence 0.75, effect on human capabilities 0.8, and overlap control 0.8. The formula weights them 0.35, 0.25, 0.20, 0.15, and 0.05, then rounds to the nearest 0.05. The value is deterministic and reproducible; it is not an intuitive score assigned while drafting prose. Candidate 19 is broader or differently denominated than “Air transport, passengers carried” in Number. Factrail stores this narrower source-defined measure, preserves the input wording in reconciliation, and makes no claim that the values measure the broader phrase. The correction preserves all 120 catalog candidates as auditable inputs while refusing to fabricate a literal series that the selected official systems do not publish coherently. The resulting canonical Indicator may be narrower, differently denominated, or differently scoped than the preliminary phrase, and that difference is part of the record rather than hidden in a footnote. The 2018-2023 sequence for item 19 is too short for strong causal or structural claims. Cross-economy comparability can be affected by institutional definitions, survey coverage, modelled estimates, missing observations, classification practices, revisions, and unequal statistical capacity. A global aggregate or unweighted reporting-economy mean can also conceal distributional extremes and should not be used as an individual-level estimate. The item 19 NormalLine is a transparent comparative reference, not a claim that every jurisdiction has the same legal target or feasible frontier. The source may revise both historical points and metadata. Any later refresh must preserve the earlier Source, Evidence, checksum, and audit trail; it must not mutate the meaning of an already reviewed series identity.