2026 Senedd election

The 2026 Senedd election was held on 7 May 2026 to elect 96 Members of the Senedd (MSs) to the Senedd Cymru (Welsh Parliament), marking the seventh general election since Welsh devolution in 1999. Under the new electoral system established by the Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Act 2024, Wales is divided into 16 multi-member constituencies, each returning six MSs via a closed-list proportional representation method using the D'Hondt formula, where voters cast a single vote for a political party or independent candidate rather than individual candidates. This replaces the previous mixed-member proportional system of 40 constituency seats and 20 regional list seats, expanding representation and aiming for greater proportionality in outcomes.

The election followed the 2021 Senedd election, in which Welsh Labour secured 30 seats to form a minority government, the largest party but short of an outright majority in the then-60-seat chamber. These reforms, jointly pursued by Labour and Plaid Cymru, sought to enhance diverse representation but have drawn criticism for concentrating power in parties by limiting direct candidate choice. Plaid Cymru won 43 seats (35.4% of the vote), Reform UK 34 seats (29.3%), Welsh Labour 9 seats (11.1%), Welsh Conservatives 7 seats (10.7%), Wales Green Party 2 seats (6.7%) and Welsh Liberal Democrats 1 seat (4.5%). This was the first time Labour had not been the largest party in a Senedd election or a UK general election in Wales since 1922. Turnout was 51.6%. Plaid Cymru formed a minority government, with Rhun ap Iorwerth elected First Minister on 12 May 2026. Incumbent First Minister Eluned Morgan lost her seat in Ceredigion Penfro.

Background

Prior election outcome

In the 2021 Senedd election, Welsh Labour won 30 of the 60 seats, securing the largest share but falling short of a majority. The Welsh Conservatives achieved the largest gains of any party, increasing their representation to 16 seats, while Plaid Cymru secured 13 seats and the Liberal Democrats held 1 seat.

Labour received 40% of the vote in constituency contests, ahead of the Conservatives on 26% and Plaid Cymru on 20%. In the regional list votes, which determine additional proportional seats, Labour's share fell to around 36%, with Plaid Cymru and the Conservatives polling closely behind at approximately 21% and 21% respectively.

With no party able to command a majority, Labour formed a minority government led by First Minister Mark Drakeford, relying on case-by-case support from other parties to pass legislation.

Political developments

Following the 2021 election, the Labour minority government under First Minister Mark Drakeford entered a co-operation agreement with Plaid Cymru, enabling the passage of key legislation including reforms to the Senedd's size and voting system. This agreement facilitated advancements in areas such as health and education policy amid ongoing COVID-19 recovery efforts, where the Welsh Government focused on strengthening resilience governance and NHS service restoration to address pandemic backlogs.

Significant leadership transitions marked the term. In Plaid Cymru, leader Adam Price resigned in May 2023 following an independent review that identified issues of misogyny, harassment, and bullying within the party, prompting a cultural overhaul under his successor Rhun ap Iorwerth. Labour saw Mark Drakeford announce his resignation as First Minister in December 2023 after five years in office, citing a desire to step down while his party remained strong; Vaughan Gething succeeded him in March 2024 but resigned as leader and First Minister in July 2024 amid donation controversies and a no-confidence vote, with Eluned Morgan elected as his successor. The Welsh Conservatives maintained continuity under Senedd leader Darren Millar.

A landmark legislative achievement was the Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Bill, passed in May 2024, which expanded the parliament to 96 members and introduced closed-list proportional representation in 16 multi-member constituencies for the 2026 election, aimed at enhancing representation despite debates over costs and timing. Tensions in UK-Wales relations persisted, particularly over Brexit's economic impacts, with Welsh politicians highlighting trade barriers and diminished EU ties as disproportionately affecting Wales. Debates on Welsh independence gained prominence, with Plaid Cymru committing to outline a pathway while deferring immediate action.

Electoral framework

Voting system

The 2026 Senedd election used a closed proportional list system to elect 96 Members of the Senedd (MSs) from 16 constituencies, each returning six members. Voters cast a single vote for a political party, which provides a closed list of up to eight candidates per constituency, or for an independent candidate.

Seats within each constituency are allocated proportionally using the D'Hondt formula, which divides each party's or candidate's vote total successively by one plus the number of seats already allocated to them, awarding seats to the highest quotients until all six are filled. This method ensures that the distribution of seats reflects the proportion of votes received, with elected MSs drawn from the top of the party's list in order of allocation. No formal electoral threshold applies, allowing even smaller parties or independents to secure seats if their vote share yields a quotient competitive under D'Hondt.

Unlike the previous additional member system, this fully proportional approach eliminates separate constituency and regional top-up seats, avoiding overhang or leveling mechanisms since all seats are allocated proportionally within each larger constituency.

Constituencies and regions

The 2026 Senedd election used 16 constituencies, each electing six Members of the Senedd, replacing the previous structure of 40 smaller constituencies and four electoral regions (North Wales, Mid and West Wales, South Wales Central, and South Wales East).

These constituencies, confirmed by the Democracy and Boundary Commission Cymru (DBCC) in its final determinations on 11 March 2025, were formed by pairing Wales's 32 UK parliamentary constituencies into 16 contiguous pairs to ensure viable travel links and reflect local ties such as shared history, socio-economic factors, and Welsh language usage. The review, mandated by the Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Act, incorporated over 4,000 public consultation responses and made minor adjustments from initial proposals, such as renaming Cardiff-area boundaries to better align with community identities.

The 16 constituencies are: Bangor Conwy Môn, Clwyd, Fflint Wrecsam, Gwynedd Maldwyn, Ceredigion Penfro, Sir Gaerfyrddin, Gŵyr Abertawe, Brycheiniog Tawe Nedd, Afan Ogwr Rhondda, Pontypridd Cynon Merthyr, Blaenau Gwent Caerffili Rhymni, Sir Fynwy Torfaen, Casnewydd Islwyn, Caerdydd Penarth, Caerdydd Ffynnon Taf, and Pen-y-bont Bro Morgannwg.

Seat distribution across these constituencies is uniform, with six seats allocated equally to each to achieve proportionality within larger areas of roughly comparable electorate size, derived from pairing population-balanced UK parliamentary constituencies.

Participating parties

Major parties and leaders

Welsh Labour, the incumbent centre-left party forming a minority government since the 2021 election, was led by Eluned Morgan, who served as First Minister heading the party into the 2026 contest. Their priorities emphasize five missions for a stronger, fairer, and greener Wales, building on ongoing economic and devolution agendas.

Plaid Cymru, the primary pro-independence party seeking to challenge Labour's dominance, is led by Rhun ap Iorwerth, who has commended the party's candidate selections across constituencies. The party's 2026 platform focuses on delivering new leadership, fairness, and effective governance to address Wales' challenges.

The Welsh Conservatives, positioned as centre-right opposition, are led by Darren Millar, a long-serving Senedd member contesting his fifth term. As non-incumbent, they aim to capitalize on dissatisfaction with the government amid debates on recovery and powers.

The Welsh Liberal Democrats, advocating liberal values and federalism, are led by Jane Dodds, who has pledged a better deal for Wales in relations with Westminster. Their approach highlights targeted constituency gains without incumbency at the executive level.

Minor parties and independents

The Green Party of England and Wales fielded candidates for the 2026 Senedd election, including lead nominees in regions such as Gwent, where it positions itself against established parties by prioritizing the climate emergency, a Green New Deal for job creation and affordable energy, progressive taxation on wealth, and stronger European ties. Recent polling indicates potential gains for the party, with projections of up to 11 seats under the expanded proportional system, marking a possible breakthrough in urban and mid-Wales areas.

Reform UK plans an aggressive campaign in Wales, leveraging national leader Nigel Farage's visibility and revisiting pledges like reducing local councils, despite internal challenges including leadership issues and candidate controversies in 2025. The party has polled strongly, reaching 23% in early 2026 surveys and forecasted for around 23 seats, positioning it as a contender to disrupt traditional alignments.

The Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party continues its core objective of dissolving the Senedd, contending that the devolved body has underperformed on key issues like education standards without delivering tangible benefits after over two decades.

No prominent independent candidates or pre-election pacts among minor parties have been announced as of early 2026.

Pre-election period

Candidate selections

Plaid Cymru became the first major party to publish a near-complete slate of candidates for the 2026 Senedd election in November 2025, with leader Rhun ap Iorwerth praising the team's readiness to advocate for Welsh interests. The party's selection process included internal elections, as evidenced by candidate leaflets circulated for the Ceredigion Preseli constituency list.

Welsh Labour began announcing its candidates progressively, with a partial list of selections available by early December 2025, focusing on constituency representatives amid ongoing updates to the roster. Other parties, including the Greens, indicated participation but had not yet detailed comprehensive nomination timelines by early 2026. Reform UK appointed Dan Thomas, a former Conservative councillor, as its Welsh leader in February 2026, with the announcement made by Nigel Farage.

Opinion polling

Opinion polling for the 2026 Senedd election has indicated volatile voter intentions, with early surveys showing tight contests among established parties giving way to gains for Plaid Cymru and Reform UK. A YouGov/ITV Wales poll conducted in September 2025 found Reform UK and Plaid Cymru virtually tied in regional list voting intention, marking a notable advance for Reform in Welsh devolved politics.

By December 2025, a YouGov/Cardiff University poll revealed Plaid Cymru leading with 33% support on the Senedd ballot, positioning it as the projected largest party ahead of the May vote. This shift reflected declining Labour support amid economic and governance critiques, while Plaid capitalized on independence and policy appeals.

Into early 2026, an ITV Wales-commissioned poll confirmed Plaid's momentum, placing it ahead of Reform UK and relegating Labour to fourth in voting intentions, signaling a potential realignment in Welsh electoral dynamics. Subsequent polls highlighted ongoing volatility: a More in Common survey showed Reform UK leading Plaid Cymru by seven percentage points, with projections of 36 seats for Reform UK, while a January 2026 YouGov poll indicated Plaid Cymru leading Reform UK by 14 points. Seat projection models incorporating these polls, such as those from Cavendish Consulting, have forecasted reduced Labour representation, with Plaid potentially securing the most seats under the new proportional representation system. In late March 2026, the first YouGov MRP (Multi-level Regression and Poststratification) poll for the 2026 Senedd election, commissioned by ITV Cymru Wales, projected Plaid Cymru to become the largest party in the Senedd. The poll indicated that First Minister Eluned Morgan is on course to lose her seat amid historic losses for Welsh Labour, potentially reduced to around 12 seats. Reform UK and the Green Party are forecasted to make breakthrough seat gains, while the Conservatives also face substantial declines. This poll underscores the ongoing volatility in Welsh voter intentions and the potential for a dramatic shift under the new electoral system.

Campaign dynamics

Key policy issues

The NHS emerged as a central campaign theme, with parties emphasizing reductions in waiting lists and improved service delivery. Labour committed to cutting waiting lists by 200,000 through enhanced primary care and frontline staffing, while Plaid Cymru pledged to recruit additional GPs within current budgets. Conservatives criticized the system as "broken" and advocated reducing health boards, and Liberal Democrats proposed a social care rescue package.

Education reform featured prominently, with broad consensus on elevating standards amid scrutiny of Labour's record. Conservatives pushed for direct school funding to bypass council oversight, while parties like Plaid Cymru and Liberal Democrats defended prior budget allocations without outlining novel reforms.

Plaid Cymru positioned Welsh independence as a long-term goal, stating it would use any time in government to build the case for it. Labour focused on economic recovery, contrasting with Conservative proposals for income tax cuts to stimulate the economy.

Media and debates

The first broadcast debate of the campaign took place on 4 January 2026, as a special edition of BBC Radio Wales' Sunday Supplement, featuring an hour-long discussion among representatives from five parties. Participating were Huw Irranca-Davies for Welsh Labour, James Evans for the Welsh Conservatives, Rodney Berman for the Welsh Liberal Democrats, Anthony Slaughter for Green Party Wales, and Mabon ap Gwynfor for Plaid Cymru, with the session moderated by BBC Wales political editor Gareth Lewis. Reform UK declined an invitation to join, prompting criticism over their absence from early public engagements.

Election results

Overall seat distribution

Plaid Cymru won 43 seats (444,665 votes, 35.4%), Reform UK 34 seats (367,985 votes, 29.3%), Welsh Labour 9 seats (139,203 votes, 11.1%), Welsh Conservatives 7 seats (134,926 votes, 10.7%), Wales Green Party 2 seats (84,608 votes, 6.7%) and the Welsh Liberal Democrats 1 seat (56,012 votes, 4.5%). This was the first time since the 1922 United Kingdom general election that Labour had lost a national election in Wales (Senedd or UK general election). Turnout was 51.6% of 2,433,921 registered voters.

Constituency and regional outcomes

The 2026 Senedd election determined outcomes across 16 constituencies, each electing six members through a closed-list proportional representation system with a single vote per elector for a party or independent. Plaid Cymru secured representation in every constituency, with particularly strong results in north and west Wales, while Reform UK gained seats across most of Wales, especially in the south. Welsh Labour's remaining seats were concentrated in Cardiff and some valley areas. The Wales Green Party won both of their seats in Cardiff constituencies, and the Welsh Liberal Democrats won their seat in Brycheiniog Tawe Nedd. Incumbent First Minister Eluned Morgan was defeated in Ceredigion Penfro. Turnout varied by constituency, exceeding 58% in some Cardiff areas and falling to around 45% in others.