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On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise

In 1862 the orchid fertilisation treatise was published as a dated botanical-network book. In the causal graph this event strengthens Social Cohesion, a driver that strengthens Having a say in government — an improving welfare path.

Read the full account

In 1862 the orchid fertilisation treatise was published as a dated botanical-network book. The instrument is that treatise, not Origin as a duplicate and not a later flower show. Charles Darwin's documented role is: He wrote the orchid book from correspondence and experiments. Gardeners and Hooker sit in the network. This is not Origin chapter-split.

Context

Hooker and unnamed gardeners share the network. Sharing them is required. The setting of On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise is the public file around 1862-01-01. Driver social-cohesion is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Why it matters

Improving path from On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise on 1862-01-01. The welfare reading on this path is improving.

Shared responsibility is part of On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise. Naming Charles Darwin does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1862-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.32 · verified

    He wrote the orchid book from correspondence and experiments. Gardeners and Hooker sit in the network. This is not Origin chapter-split.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

    1. FactOn the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise
    2. strengthensDriverSocial Cohesion
    3. strengthensIndicators (2)Having a say in government
    Improving path

    impact weight 0.25 · Effect from 1 January 1862 · verified

    • Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.11 (weight 0.25 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      29.8% of population aged 16-65 years · 8.13 below the normal line (2023)

      Worse than normal

      Two readings: 30.2% of population aged 16-65 years (2021) and 29.8% of population aged 16-65 years (2023).

      20212023

      Above normal = better

    • Weakens · Relationship strength 0.11 (weight 0.25 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      43.9 Score · 43.9 above the normal line (2024)

      Worse than normal

      26 readings, 1996–2024: rose from 43 Score to 43.9 Score.

      Normal is zero · any amount = worse

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Darwin Online — Beagle records neighbourhoodDarwin Online / University of Cambridge · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.Britannica — Charles Darwin, delay of publication neighbourhoodEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Official locator: Darwin Online — Fertilisation of Orchids (1862) at https://darwin-online.org.uk/ (opens in a new tab) (Darwin Online / University of Cambridge). Independent locator: Britannica — Darwin, orchids neighbourhood at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Darwin (opens in a new tab) (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Official carrier: Darwin Online — Fertilisation of Orchids (1862) (https://darwin-online.org.uk/ (opens in a new tab); Darwin Online / University of Cambridge). Independent carrier: Britannica — Darwin, orchids neighbourhood (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Darwin (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Established: a sourced public record of On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise under 1862-01-01 for Charles Darwin. Established: a sourced public record of On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise under 1862-01-01.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. One orchid book. Mixed effects of On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise are separate paths.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorCharles Darwin
  2. contributed toFactOn the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise
  3. strengthensDriverSocial Cohesion
  4. strengthensIndicatorHaving a say in government

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised (1862) is a dated botanical-network treatise. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/dar-orchids-1862

https://factrail.ai/facts/dar-orchids-1862

Accessed 16 October 2026.

By the · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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