A confirmation through the constitutional advice-and-consent process reflects the ordinary functioning of an independent judiciary; mapped as a mild counterweight to judicial-independence erosion.

On April 7, 2022, the U.S. Senate voted 53-47 to confirm Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson to the Supreme Court of the United States, making her the first Black woman to serve as a justice. Three Republicans (Susan Collins, Lisa Murkowski and Mitt Romney) joined all 50 Democrats. Jackson, a former federal public defender and appeals-court judge, succeeded the retiring Justice Stephen Breyer and took the bench at the end of the term.
On April 7, 2022, the U.S. Senate voted 53-47 to confirm Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson to the Supreme Court of the United States, making her the first Black woman to serve as a justice. Three Republicans (Susan Collins, Lisa Murkowski and Mitt Romney) joined all 50 Democrats. Jackson, a former federal public defender and appeals-court judge, succeeded the retiring Justice Stephen Breyer and took the bench at the end of the term.
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A confirmation through the constitutional advice-and-consent process reflects the ordinary functioning of an independent judiciary; mapped as a mild counterweight to judicial-independence erosion.