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The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal

Around 1499 Michelangelo delivered the St Peter's Pietà for Cardinal Jean de Bilhères. Michelangelo's documented role is: He carved the Pietà for Cardinal Jean de Bilhères. In the causal graph this event strengthens Social Cohesion, a driver that strengthens Having a say in government — an improving welfare path.

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Around 1499 Michelangelo delivered the St Peter's Pietà for Cardinal Jean de Bilhères. The 1498 contract is the job. Later vandalism is not this marble. Michelangelo's documented role is: He carved the Pietà for Cardinal Jean de Bilhères. The contract of 27 August 1498 is the job; the signed marble is the public object. Later attacks on the work are not 1499.

Context

The French cardinal's tomb chapel is the first setting. Sharing the commission with him is required. The setting of The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal is the public file around 1499-08-01. Driver social-cohesion is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

Why it matters

Improving path from The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal on 1499-08-01. A public funerary marble in St Peter's is a cohesion path of high weight as culture, not as a statute. The welfare reading on this path is improving.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Michelangelo

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.56 · verified

    He carved the Pietà for Cardinal Jean de Bilhères. The contract of 27 August 1498 is the job; the signed marble is the public object. Later attacks on the work are not 1499.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

    1. FactThe St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal
    2. strengthensDriverSocial Cohesion
    3. strengthensIndicators (2)Having a say in government
    Improving path

    impact weight 0.45 · Effect from 1 August 1499 · verified

    A public funerary marble in St Peter's is a cohesion path of high weight as culture, not as a statute.

    • Having a say in government

      via Social Cohesion

      Better

      Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.2 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      29.8% of population aged 16-65 years · 8.13 below the normal line (2023)

      Worse than normal

      Two readings: 30.2% of population aged 16-65 years (2021) and 29.8% of population aged 16-65 years (2023).

      20212023

      Above normal = better

    • Rule of Law Gap from the Highest Governance Score

      via Social Cohesion

      Better

      Weakens · Relationship strength 0.2 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      43.9 Score · 43.9 above the normal line (2024)

      Worse than normal

      26 readings, 1996–2024: rose from 43 Score to 43.9 Score.

      Normal is zero · any amount = worse

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Vatican Museums — Pietà heritageVatican Museums · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.Britannica — Michelangelo, Ghirlandaio apprenticeshipEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Official locator: Britannica — Michelangelo, Pietà at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michelangelo (opens in a new tab) (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent locator: Vatican Museums — Pietà heritage at https://www.museivaticani.va/ (opens in a new tab) (Vatican Museums). Official carrier: Britannica — Michelangelo, Pietà (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michelangelo (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Vatican Museums — Pietà heritage (https://www.museivaticani.va/ (opens in a new tab); Vatican Museums).

Established: a sourced public record of The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal under 1499-08-01 for Michelangelo. Established: a sourced public record of The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal under 1499-08-01.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Mixed effects of The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal are separate paths.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Shared responsibility is part of The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal. Naming Michelangelo does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1499-08-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorMichelangelo
  2. contributed toFactThe St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal
  3. strengthensDriverSocial Cohesion
  4. strengthensIndicatorHaving a say in government

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). The St Peter's Pietà is delivered around 1499 as a dated signed marble for a French cardinal. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/mic-pieta-1499

https://factrail.ai/facts/mic-pieta-1499

Accessed 16 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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