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Nestle-Aland and public English print household codes that subordinate wives in the received Pauline collection

NA28 and public English (Romans/Ephesians/1 Corinthians clusters) print wifely subordination and silence headings in the received collection, including disputed letters. In the causal graph this event weakens Protection of Minority Rights, a driver that strengthens Having a say in government — a worsening welfare path.

Sources: [1][2]

Read the full account

NA28 and public English (Romans/Ephesians/1 Corinthians clusters) print wifely subordination and silence headings in the received collection, including disputed letters. He did not type 1979. Later marriage law cited the heading.

Context

New Perspective and authorship disputes (some letters deutero-Pauline) are later scholarship.

Paul the Apostle is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Paul the Apostle

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.4 · verified

    Named letter-writer as heading of later collections. Editors, popes, reformers, and colonial missions publish the instrument.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

    1. FactNestle-Aland and public English print household codes that subordinate wives in the received Pauline collection
    2. weakensDriverProtection of Minority Rights
    3. strengthensIndicators (2)Having a say in government
    Worsening path

    impact weight 0.55 · Effect from 1 January 1979 · verified

    • Having a say in government

      via Protection of Minority Rights

      Worse

      Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.25 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      29.8% of population aged 16-65 years · 8.13 below the normal line (2023)

      Worse than normal

      Two readings: 30.2% of population aged 16-65 years (2021) and 29.8% of population aged 16-65 years (2023).

      20212023

      Above normal = better

    • Rule of Law Gap from the Highest Governance Score

      via Protection of Minority Rights

      Worse

      Weakens · Relationship strength 0.25 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      43.9 Score · 43.9 above the normal line (2024)

      Worse than normal

      26 readings, 1996–2024: rose from 43 Score to 43.9 Score.

      Normal is zero · any amount = worse

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.New Advent — EphesiansNew Advent · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.German Bible Society — Nestle-Aland 28 onlineDeutsche Bibelgesellschaft · High credibility · verified

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorPaul the Apostle
  2. contributed toFactNestle-Aland and public English print household codes that subordinate wives in the received Pauline collection
  3. weakensDriverProtection of Minority Rights
  4. strengthensIndicatorHaving a say in government

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Nestle-Aland and public English print household codes that subordinate wives in the received Pauline collection. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-household-codes-women

https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-household-codes-women

Accessed 15 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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