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The same public collection prints ‘slaves obey your masters’ as a received heading

Dated 1 June 1979: The same public collection prints ‘slaves obey your masters’ as a received heading. In the causal graph this event strengthens the driver Income Inequality.

The same public collection prints ‘slaves obey your masters’ as a received heading

Sources: [1][2]

Read the full account

Public English Ephesians/Colossians/Philemon as a cluster print unfree obedience beside a personal letter about Onesimus. Later slaveholding churches quoted the heading. He did not draft a 19th-century code.

Context

Split that improving row.

Paul the Apostle is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

Why it matters

Printed slave-obedience is an inequality path, not a 55 CE bill of sale.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Paul the Apostle

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.4 · verified

    Named letter-writer as heading of later collections. Editors, popes, reformers, and colonial missions publish the instrument.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

    1. FactThe same public collection prints ‘slaves obey your masters’ as a received heading
    2. strengthensDriverIncome Inequality

    impact weight 0.55 · Effect from 1 June 1979 · verified

    Printed slave-obedience is an inequality path, not a 55 CE bill of sale.

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.OHCHR — slavery and contemporary formsOffice of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.New Advent — EphesiansNew Advent · High credibility · verified

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorPaul the Apostle
  2. contributed toFactThe same public collection prints ‘slaves obey your masters’ as a received heading
  3. strengthensDriverIncome Inequality

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). The same public collection prints ‘slaves obey your masters’ as a received heading. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-slavery-obey-masters

https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-slavery-obey-masters

Accessed 17 October 2026.

By the · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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